School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia.
Clin J Pain. 2010 May;26(4):275-83. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181cd16e1.
Prevention of occupational low back pain (LBP) in nurses is a research priority. Recent research suggests intervening before commencing nursing employment is ideal; however, identification of modifiable risk factors is required. The objective of this study was to investigate modifiable personal characteristics that predicted new-onset LBP in nursing students.
This prospective study was conducted on female nursing students (n=117) without LBP at baseline to predict new-onset LBP (an episode of significant LBP during the follow-up period). At the 12-month follow-up, participants with (n=31) and without new-onset LBP (n=76) were compared across baseline social or lifestyle, psychologic (distress, back pain beliefs, coping strategies, and catastrophising), and physical (spinal postures and spinal kinematics in functional tasks, leg and back muscle endurance, spinal repositioning error, and cardiovascular fitness) characteristics.
Participants response rate at follow-up was excellent (91%). After controlling for earlier LBP, age, and BMI, regression analysis showed that modifiable social or lifestyle, psychologic and physical characteristics (namely, smoking, increased physical activity, higher stress, reduced back muscle endurance, greater posterior pelvic rotation in slump sitting, and more accurate spinal repositioning in sitting) were significant and independent predictors of new-onset LBP at follow-up. Inclusion of these factors in multivariate logistic regression analysis, with significant new-onset LBP as the outcome, resulted in a substantial model R of 0.45.
Modifiable personal characteristics across multiple domains are associated with new-onset LBP in female nursing students. These findings may have implications for the development of prevention and management interventions for LBP in nurses.
预防护士职业性下背痛（LBP）是研究重点。最近的研究表明，在开始从事护理工作之前进行干预是理想的；然而，需要确定可改变的危险因素。本研究的目的是调查可改变的个人特征，这些特征可预测护理专业学生新发 LBP。
本前瞻性研究在基线时无 LBP 的女性护理学生（n=117）中进行，以预测新发性 LBP（随访期间出现显著 LBP 的发作）。在 12 个月的随访中，比较有（n=31）和无新发 LBP（n=76）的参与者在基线时的社会或生活方式、心理（痛苦、腰痛信念、应对策略和灾难化）和身体（功能任务中的脊柱姿势和脊柱运动学、腿部和背部肌肉耐力、脊柱复位误差和心血管健康）特征。
参与者的随访率非常高（91%）。在校正先前的 LBP、年龄和 BMI 后，回归分析表明，可改变的社会或生活方式、心理和身体特征（即吸烟、增加体力活动、压力增加、背部肌肉耐力降低、弯腰坐时骨盆后旋增加、坐立时脊柱复位更准确）是新发 LBP 的显著且独立预测因素随访。将这些因素纳入多变量逻辑回归分析，以新发 LBP 为因变量，结果表明模型 R 为 0.45。
多个领域的可改变个人特征与女性护理学生新发 LBP 相关。这些发现可能对预防和管理护士 LBP 的干预措施的发展有意义。
