一个临床团队提高器官和组织捐赠意识的尝试。

A clinical group's attempt to raise awareness of organ and tissue donation.

作者信息

Rykhoff Margot E, Coupland Catherine, Dionne Joanna, Fudge Brad, Gayle Charlene, Ortner Terri-Lynn, Quilang Kristina, Savu Geta, Sawany Fatima, Wrobleska Marzena

机构信息

University of New Brunswick/Humber Institute of Technology & Advanced Learning, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

Prog Transplant. 2010 Mar;20(1):33-9. doi: 10.1177/152692481002000106.

DOI:10.1177/152692481002000106

PMID:20397344

Abstract

CONTEXT

Little is known about factors that influence attitudes and beliefs about organ and tissue donation among health science college students.

OBJECTIVE

To assess health sciences college students' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about organ donation and to determine if an educational session increases awareness and influences their attitudes and beliefs related to organ donation.

DESIGN

Quantitative quasi-experimental study with semistructured questions administered to a convenience sample.

SETTING

School of health sciences in a large, urban, multicultural community college in Ontario, Canada.

PARTICIPANTS

240 health sciences' college students from 6 academic programs: bachelor of nursing from first and fourth year, practical nursing, paramedic, funeral services, and occupational therapy/physical therapy assistant.

INTERVENTION

An educational session and 7-minute audiovisual presentation on organ donation. The educational session included a 20-minute PowerPoint presentation addressing statistics of organ and tissue need and donation; types of donation--deceased (brain-dead), live, and tissue; clarification on the criteria for brain death; donor cards; family consent, including clarification that the family member has the ultimate decision to sign it and the importance of communicating one's wishes to one's family; and religious beliefs and common myths and misconceptions.

RESULTS

Of 235 students who completed the postintervention survey, 86% (n = 202) were more aware of organ donation, and 85% (n = 199) were more aware of living donation. Awareness of the need for family consent for donation increased significantly (from 52% to 96%, P < .001). The percentage of participants willing to donate their organs increased from 52% to 63% (n = 26, P < .01). Among the 20% of participants (n = 47) who responded that they would not donate their organs, the predominant rationale was "fear."

CONCLUSIONS

Educational sessions in the health sciences curriculum can increase awareness of organ and tissue donation.

摘要

背景

关于影响健康科学专业大学生对器官和组织捐赠态度及信念的因素，人们了解甚少。

目的

评估健康科学专业大学生对器官捐赠的知识、态度和信念，并确定一场教育课程是否能提高他们对器官捐赠的认识，并影响他们与器官捐赠相关的态度和信念。

设计

采用半结构化问题对便利样本进行定量准实验研究。

地点

加拿大安大略省一所大型城市多元文化社区学院的健康科学学院。

参与者

来自6个学术项目的240名健康科学专业大学生：护理学本科一年级和四年级、实用护理、护理人员、殡葬服务以及职业治疗/物理治疗助理。

干预措施

一场关于器官捐赠的教育课程和7分钟的视听展示。教育课程包括一个20分钟的PowerPoint演示文稿，内容涉及器官和组织需求及捐赠的统计数据；捐赠类型——已故（脑死亡）、活体和组织；脑死亡标准的阐释；捐赠卡；家属同意，包括阐明家属拥有最终签署同意书的决定权以及向家人传达个人意愿的重要性；以及宗教信仰和常见的误解与错误观念。

结果

在完成干预后调查的235名学生中，86%（n = 202）对器官捐赠的了解有所增加，85%（n = 199）对活体捐赠的了解有所增加。对捐赠需要家属同意的知晓率显著提高（从52%增至96%，P < .001）。愿意捐赠器官的参与者比例从52%增至63%（n = 26，P < .01）。在回答不会捐赠器官的20%参与者（n = 47）中，主要理由是“恐惧”。