This report presents the findings of epidemiological analyses of cancer incidence and mortality for the top four cancers in South Dakota: female breast, colorectal, lung and prostate during 2002-2006. Throughout this report, the South Dakota Cancer Registry Data were used to obtain South Dakota specific rates. From 2002-2006, there were 10,834 new cases of female breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancers identified among South Dakotans. Specific to the type of cancer itself, there were 2,656 women with breast cancer, 2,271 colorectal cancers, 2,596 lung cancers and 3,311 prostate cancers. From 2002-2006, there were 4,019 deaths due to female breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer. Specifically, there were 546 female breast cancer deaths reported, 827 colorectal deaths, 2,132 lung cancer deaths and 514 prostate cancer deaths.