Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010 May;84(5):550-3. doi: 10.1007/s00128-010-9979-y. Epub 2010 Apr 17.
Bombina orientalis is one of the most common amphibians in the world and comprise a large proportion of their total number in Korea. B. orientalis, spawns in the farming regions at Spring when the massive application of agricultural chemicals occurs. Carbaryl, carbamate chemical is a slightly to highly toxic insecticide inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. The embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of carbaryl on B. orientalis embryos were investigated at 5, 10, 50 and 100 muM. The survival rates of embryos at 312 h post fertilization were decreased with concentration dependent manner. Exposure to carbaryl produced 4 types of severe external abnormalities such as bent trunk, thick-set body, bent tail and ventral blister. At 5 muM carbaryl, a dose of no observed effect on embryonic survival, developmental abnormalities were significantly increased. The developmental abnormalities showed in order of frequency with bent trunk, thick-set body, bent tail and ventral blister. This result suggests that carbaryl is detrimental for embryonic survival and teratogenic by causing the axial skeletal defects in B. orientalis embryos.
东方铃蟾是世界上最常见的两栖动物之一，在韩国占其总数的很大比例。东方铃蟾在春季产卵，此时农业化学品的大量使用会对其产生影响。西维因是一种低毒至高毒的杀虫剂，能抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶。本研究旨在探讨 5、10、50 和 100 μM 西维因对东方铃蟾胚胎的胚胎毒性和致畸作用。结果显示，受精后 312 小时，胚胎的存活率随浓度呈依赖性下降。暴露于西维因会导致严重的外部畸形，如弯曲的躯干、粗壮的身体、弯曲的尾巴和腹部水疱等 4 种类型。在 5 μM 西维因的剂量下，对胚胎存活率没有观察到影响，但发育异常显著增加。按出现频率的顺序，发育异常依次为弯曲的躯干、粗壮的身体、弯曲的尾巴和腹部水疱。这些结果表明，西维因通过引起东方铃蟾胚胎的轴骨骼缺陷，对胚胎存活和致畸具有危害性。
