Tait B D, Hudson F, Brewin G, Cantwell L, Holdsworth R
National Transplant Services, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Melbourne, Australia.
Tissue Antigens. 2010 Aug;76(2):87-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01486.x. Epub 2010 Apr 8.
The introduction into routine diagnostic laboratories of solid phase assays for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody detection has resulted in the application of new laboratory matching algorithms in clinical organ transplantation which have improved pre-transplant detection of immunization, in turn resulting in avoidance of rejection in many cases which until their introduction would not have been possible using the historical complement dependent serological techniques. There have been two generations of solid phase assays introduced into routine practice, namely, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique and the use of fluorescent beads with HLA molecules bound to their surface which can either be used in conventional flow cytometry or in conjunction with Luminex instrumentation, the latter having become the most popular approach. The use of the fluorescent bead techniques has raised interesting questions both with respect to technical performance and the interpretation of the results obtained. The advantages of bead technology for HLA antibody determination and the technical issues requiring resolution are the subject of this review.
将用于检测人类白细胞抗原（HLA）抗体的固相检测方法引入常规诊断实验室，促使临床器官移植中应用新的实验室配型算法，这些算法改善了移植前免疫状态的检测，进而在许多情况下避免了排斥反应，而在这些固相检测方法出现之前，使用传统的补体依赖血清学技术是无法做到这一点的。已被引入常规实践的固相检测方法有两代，即酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术，以及使用表面结合有HLA分子的荧光微珠，这种微珠可用于传统流式细胞术或与Luminex仪器联用，后者已成为最常用的方法。荧光微珠技术的应用在技术性能和所得结果的解读方面都引发了一些有趣的问题。本综述将探讨微珠技术在HLA抗体检测中的优势以及需要解决的技术问题。
