Department of Chronobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands.
J Sleep Res. 2010 Sep;19(3):425-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00828.x. Epub 2010 Apr 7.
The effect of artificial dawn during the last 30 min of sleep on subsequent dissipation of sleep inertia was investigated, including possible involvement of cortisol and thermoregulatory processes. Sixteen healthy subjects who reported difficulty with waking up participated in random order in a control and an artificial dawn night. Sleep inertia severity was measured by subjective ratings of sleepiness and activation, and by performance on an addition and a reaction time task measured at 1, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min after waking up at habitual wake up time at workdays. At all intervals, saliva samples were collected for cortisol analysis. Sleep electroencephalogram was recorded during the 30 min prior to waking up; core body temperature and skin temperatures were recorded continuously until 90 min after waking up. Subjective sleepiness was significantly decreased and subjective activation increased after waking up in the artificial dawn condition as compared with control, in which lights were turned on at waking up. These effects can be explained by effects of artificial dawn on skin temperature and amount of wakefulness during the 30 min prior to the alarm. Artificial dawn accelerated the decline in skin temperature and in the distal-to-proximal skin temperature gradient after getting up. No significant effects of artificial dawn on performance, core body temperature, and cortisol were found. These results suggest that the physiology underlying the positive effects of artificial dawn on the dissipation of sleep inertia involves light sleep and an accelerated skin temperature decline after awakening.
研究了在睡眠的最后 30 分钟内进行人工晨光照射对随后睡眠惯性消散的影响，包括皮质醇和体温调节过程的可能参与。16 名报告醒来困难的健康受试者按随机顺序参加了控制和人工晨光照射的夜间实验。通过主观的困倦和激活评分，以及在醒来后 1、15、30、45、60 和 90 分钟时进行的加法和反应时间任务的表现来测量睡眠惯性的严重程度，这是在工作日的习惯醒来时间进行的。在所有时间间隔，采集唾液样本进行皮质醇分析。在醒来前的 30 分钟内记录睡眠脑电图；核心体温和皮肤温度连续记录到醒来后 90 分钟。与控制组（唤醒时打开灯）相比，在人工晨光条件下醒来后，主观困倦明显减轻，主观激活增加。这些效应可以用人工晨光对唤醒前 30 分钟内的皮肤温度和清醒量的影响来解释。人工晨光加速了起床后皮肤温度和远端到近端皮肤温度梯度的下降。人工晨光对表现、核心体温和皮质醇没有显著影响。这些结果表明，人工晨光对睡眠惯性消散的积极影响的生理学基础涉及浅睡眠和唤醒后皮肤温度的加速下降。
