Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Jun;87(2):391-400. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2582-7. Epub 2010 Apr 23.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been widely used in industrial fields such as in the production of alcoholic beverages and useful chemicals and in bakery. Since S. cerevisiae was the first organism whose genome sequence was determined in eukaryotes, genome-wide analysis systems such as DNA microarrays also developed early for this organism. Many researches related to the analysis of transcriptional profiles during the processes and transcriptional responses to the environmental stresses that are encountered during production processes using DNA microarray were reported in the literature. In addition, DNA microarrays can be used in detecting transcription factor binding sites and single nucleotide polymorphisms. In this paper, we review transcriptome analysis toward industrial production processes involving yeast, as in the case of wine, beer, and sake. Moreover, identification of the target genes for genetic manipulation to confer useful phenotypes, such as stress tolerance and high fermentation activity, and to improve production of target product in useful chemicals production using DNA microarray analysis is described. Finally, recent advances of DNA microarray analysis are briefly discussed.
酿酒酵母已被广泛应用于工业领域，例如生产酒精饮料和有用化学品以及烘焙。由于酿酒酵母是第一个被确定真核生物基因组序列的生物，因此也为该生物早期开发了全基因组分析系统，如 DNA 微阵列。文献中报道了许多与使用 DNA 微阵列分析生产过程中基因转录谱和转录对环境应激反应相关的研究。此外，DNA 微阵列可用于检测转录因子结合位点和单核苷酸多态性。在本文中，我们综述了涉及酵母的工业生产过程的转录组分析，例如葡萄酒、啤酒和清酒。此外，还描述了使用 DNA 微阵列分析鉴定遗传操作的靶基因，以赋予有用的表型，如应激耐受性和高发酵活性，并提高有用化学品生产中目标产物的产量。最后，简要讨论了 DNA 微阵列分析的最新进展。
