[Dysphagia in childhood].

The causes of dysphagia in childhood are variable. The swallowing mechanism may be influenced by a cleft palate, choanal atresia or tumors of the tongue. The causes related to the esophagus are especially based on malformations and complications following their treatment. In infancy, blockage of the esophagus with foreign bodies or scar tissue secondary to lye--or acid ingestion are most significant. Gastro-esophageal reflux is the leading cause for regurgitation and esophagitis in the lower esophagus. Occasionally, increased intracranial pressure causes dysphagia. Finally, a normal swallowing mechanism can be lost if it is not continuously practiced (parenteral nutrition, esophageal diversion). The variable spectrum of cause for dysphagia makes precise investigation and specific treatment mandatory.