Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7516, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2010 May;141(5):553-61. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2010.0228.
Daily oral hygiene and regular dental visits are important components of oral health care. The authors' objective in this study was to examine women's oral hygiene practices and use of dental services during pregnancy.
The authors developed a written oral health questionnaire and administered it to 599 pregnant women. They collected demographic information, as well as data on oral hygiene practices and use of dental services during pregnancy. They used chi2 and multivariable logistic regression models to assess associations between oral hygiene practice and dental service use during pregnancy and to identify maternal predictor variables.
Of the 599 participants, 83 percent (n=497) reported brushing once or twice per day. Twenty-four percent (n=141) reported flossing at least once daily; Hispanic women were more likely to floss than were white or African American women (28 percent [52 of 183] versus 22 percent [54 of 248] versus 19 percent [23 of 121], respectively, P<.001). Seventy-four percent (n=442) of the participants reported having received no routine dental care during pregnancy. Hispanic women were significantly less likely than were black or white women to receive routine dental care during pregnancy (13 percent versus 21 percent versus 36 percent, respectively, P<.001). The authors found that being older than 36 years, being of Hispanic race or ethnicity, having an annual income of less than $30,000, flossing infrequently and receiving no dental care when not pregnant were significantly associated with lack of routine dental care during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratios, 95 percent confidence intervals: 2.56 [1.33-4.92]; 2.19 [1.11-4.29]; 2.02 [1.12-3.65]; 1.86 [1.13-3.07]; and 4.35 [2.5-7.69], respectively). A woman's lack of receiving routine dental care when not pregnant was the most significant predictor of lack of receiving dental care during pregnancy.
Racial, ethnic and economic disparities related to oral hygiene practices and dental service utilization during pregnancy exist.
Medical and dental care providers who treat women of reproductive age and pregnant women need to develop policy strategies to address this population's access barriers to, and use of, dental care services.
日常口腔卫生和定期看牙医是口腔保健的重要组成部分。作者在这项研究中的目的是检查女性在怀孕期间的口腔卫生习惯和使用牙科服务的情况。
作者设计了一份书面口腔健康问卷，并对 599 名孕妇进行了问卷调查。他们收集了人口统计学信息，以及怀孕期间的口腔卫生习惯和使用牙科服务的数据。他们使用卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归模型来评估怀孕期间口腔卫生习惯和牙科服务使用之间的关联，并确定产妇预测变量。
在 599 名参与者中，83%（n=497）报告每天刷牙一到两次。24%（n=141）报告每天至少使用牙线一次；西班牙裔女性比白人和非裔美国女性更有可能使用牙线（分别为 28%[52/183]、22%[54/248]和 19%[23/121]，P<.001）。74%（n=442）的参与者报告在怀孕期间没有接受常规牙科护理。西班牙裔女性在怀孕期间接受常规牙科护理的比例明显低于黑人和白人女性（分别为 13%、21%和 36%，P<.001）。作者发现，年龄大于 36 岁、西班牙裔、年收入低于 30000 美元、不经常使用牙线以及怀孕期间不接受任何牙科护理与怀孕期间不接受常规牙科护理显著相关（调整后的优势比，95%置信区间：2.56[1.33-4.92]；2.19[1.11-4.29]；2.02[1.12-3.65]；1.86[1.13-3.07]；和 4.35[2.5-7.69]，分别）。女性在怀孕期间不接受常规牙科护理是导致怀孕期间不接受牙科护理的最显著预测因素。
存在与怀孕期间口腔卫生习惯和牙科服务利用相关的种族、民族和经济差异。
治疗育龄妇女和孕妇的医疗和牙科保健提供者需要制定政策策略，以解决这一人群获得牙科保健服务的障碍和使用情况。
