Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2010 Jun;12(3):177-85. doi: 10.1007/s11926-010-0098-x.
Cancer patients are at risk for adverse events involving bone. Metastasis of cancer to bone and primary bone tumors can compromise the integrity of bone. Various cancer therapies cause long-term skeletal disorders, particularly bone loss, osteomalacia, and avascular necrosis. Cancer therapies that include chemotherapy, glucocorticoids, hormonal agents, and newer targeted therapies can affect bone in several ways. With the improved effectiveness of cancer treatment, more cancer patients are surviving longer and may experience fractures as a long-term complication of bone loss. Prevention of bone loss through early detection and appropriate use of anti-osteoporosis treatment may decrease bone loss and fractures. This article reviews causative risk factors, mechanisms, and prevention and treatment strategies for cancer therapy-related bone loss in hematologic and specific solid malignancies.
癌症患者存在发生骨骼不良事件的风险。癌症向骨骼转移和原发性骨肿瘤会破坏骨骼的完整性。各种癌症治疗方法会导致长期骨骼疾病，尤其是骨丢失、佝偻病和骨坏死。包括化疗、糖皮质激素、激素制剂和新型靶向治疗在内的癌症治疗方法会通过多种方式影响骨骼。随着癌症治疗效果的提高，越来越多的癌症患者存活时间更长，可能会因骨丢失而出现骨折等长期并发症。通过早期发现和适当使用抗骨质疏松治疗来预防骨丢失可能会减少骨丢失和骨折的发生。本文综述了血液系统恶性肿瘤和特定实体恶性肿瘤中与癌症治疗相关的骨丢失的致病危险因素、机制以及预防和治疗策略。
