Beugre-Kouassi A M L, Beugre J-B, Tanon-Anoh M J, Kouassi M, Hoballah N, Djaha K
Sce d'Orthopédie dento-faciale, U.F.R d'odonto-stomatologie d'Abidjan, Cocody, Côte d'Ivoire.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2009 Sep;32(127):43-52.
To determine the cephalometric craniofacial characteristic of the child with chronic rhinopharyngeal obstruction.
It is about a comparative cross-sectional study with etiologic aiming including children of the 2 sexes, old from 3 to 6 years. The pathological subjects are represented by those presenting a chronic rhinopharyngeal obstruction due to the presence of hypertrophied tonsils (n = 29) and the "normal" subjects, those without any rhinopharyngeal obstruction (n = 30). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained for each subject. The conventional landmarks were determined with the subject's head in neutral position. The two groups underwent cephalometric measurements. The cephalometric analysis was made starting from conventional landmarks resulting from soft tissues and osseous structures. Various statistical tests (test t of student, test of Kruskal Wallis, test of Mann-Whitney) were used for the exploitation of the cephalometric data.
On the skeletal level, the length of the posterior cranial base was shorter at the pathological subjects than at the healthy subjects. Concerning the mandible, the height of the ramus and the length of the mandibular corpus are also weaker at the pathological subjects than at the witnesses. The hyoid bone is further away from the 3rd cervical vertebra and the craniocervical angle is more open at the pathological subjects, representing a modification of the slope of the cervical column. On the level of the rhinopharyngeal space, the average distances from the posterior nasal spine at the posterior edge of the rhinopharyngeal space and between the posterior nasal spine and the posterior base of the base of cranium are respectively of 19,43 +/- 4,78 mm and 37,56 +/- 2,95 mm. These measurements are not significantly different from those described in the literature.
Our study highlighted skeletal modifications in children presenting a rhinopharyngeal obstruction. Even if they do not justify all the symptoms met, these modifications can represent a readjustment of the pharyngeal corridor aiming at facilitating the flow of airflow.
确定患有慢性鼻咽喉阻塞的儿童的头影测量颅面特征。
这是一项病因学方面的比较性横断面研究，纳入了3至6岁的男女儿童。病理组由因扁桃体肥大而出现慢性鼻咽喉阻塞的儿童组成（n = 29），“正常”组则由无任何鼻咽喉阻塞的儿童组成（n = 30）。为每位受试者拍摄了头颅侧位X线片。在受试者头部处于中立位置时确定传统标志点。两组均进行了头影测量。头影测量分析从软组织和骨骼结构的传统标志点开始。使用了各种统计检验（学生t检验、克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验、曼 - 惠特尼检验）对头影测量数据进行分析。
在骨骼层面，病理组的后颅底长度比健康组短。关于下颌骨，病理组的下颌支高度和下颌体长也比对照组弱。舌骨离第三颈椎更远，且病理组的颅颈角更开阔，这代表颈椎柱斜率的改变。在鼻咽喉间隙层面，从鼻后棘到鼻咽喉间隙后缘的平均距离以及鼻后棘与颅底后基底之间的平均距离分别为19.43±4.78毫米和37.56±2.95毫米。这些测量结果与文献中描述的结果无显著差异。
我们的研究突出了患有鼻咽喉阻塞的儿童的骨骼改变。即使这些改变不能解释所遇到的所有症状，但它们可能代表了咽道的一种重新调整，旨在促进气流流动。
