Rebollo-Mesa Irene, Polderman Tinca, Moya-Albiol Luis
MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College, Londres, Reino Unido.
Rev Neurol. 2010 May 1;50(9):533-40.
In the last decade a great amount of progress has been made in the field of the neurobehavioural genetics of aggression and violence.
To analyse and summarise the main genetic influences related with these behaviours in human beings.
The importance of genetic factors in the variation of aggressive behaviour in children, teenagers and adults is highlighted. The genetic and environmental origins of stability in the development of aggressive behaviour are then discussed. The article concludes by reporting on several studies focused on the search for aggressiveness genes.
Although considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the role played by genes in aggressive, violent and antisocial behaviour, as well as the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, today the exact mechanisms by which genetic factors contribute to these behaviours are still not fully understood. Genetic aspects probably influence biological factors, such as arousal, levels of hormones and neurotransmitters, among other things, which in turn have an effect on behaviour. Analysing and understanding each of these parameters is essential to gain a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying aggressive or violent behaviour. Moreover, other environmental factors such as abuse and response to stress exert an important effect on the expression of specific genes and, as a result, on people's aggressive behaviour.
在过去十年里，攻击与暴力行为的神经行为遗传学领域取得了巨大进展。
分析并总结与人类这些行为相关的主要遗传影响因素。
强调了遗传因素在儿童、青少年及成年人攻击行为变异中的重要性。接着讨论了攻击行为发展过程中稳定性的遗传和环境起源。文章最后报道了几项专注于寻找攻击性基因的研究。
尽管我们在理解基因在攻击、暴力和反社会行为中所起的作用以及遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用方面取得了相当大的进展，但如今遗传因素促成这些行为的确切机制仍未被完全理解。遗传因素可能会影响生物因素，比如唤醒、激素和神经递质水平等，进而对行为产生影响。分析和理解这些参数中的每一个对于更好地理解攻击或暴力行为背后的生物学机制至关重要。此外，其他环境因素，如虐待和对压力的反应，对特定基因的表达有重要影响，从而也对人们的攻击行为产生影响。
