Botany, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Trends Plant Sci. 2010 Jun;15(6):322-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2010.04.003. Epub 2010 May 6.
Reversible phosphorylation is a crucial regulatory mechanism that controls the activity of proteins. In mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades, the cellular response depends on the intensity and duration of the MAPK activation, which is determined by balanced phosphorylation-dephosphorylation. MAPK phosphatases (MKPs), a subgroup of the dual-specificity phosphatases, are major negative regulators of MAPKs. The plant MKP family members are highly diverse in their structure and biological functions, and can be classified into five groups by sequence analysis. We review the recent progress made by genetic studies in identifying the physiological role of plant MKPs in a multitude of cellular processes, including cytoskeleton rearrangement, stress responses and phytohormone signaling, and examine the importance of negative regulators in plant MAPK signaling networks.
可逆磷酸化是一种控制蛋白质活性的重要调节机制。在丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 信号级联中，细胞反应取决于 MAPK 的激活强度和持续时间，这取决于磷酸化-去磷酸化的平衡。MAPK 磷酸酶 (MKP) 是双特异性磷酸酶的一个亚组，是 MAPK 的主要负调控因子。植物 MKP 家族成员在结构和生物学功能上高度多样化，可根据序列分析分为五组。我们综述了遗传研究在确定植物 MKP 在多种细胞过程中的生理作用方面的最新进展，包括细胞骨架重排、应激反应和植物激素信号转导，并探讨了负调控因子在植物 MAPK 信号网络中的重要性。
