Plessen Kerstin J, Kabicheva Galina
Avdeling for biologisk og medisinsk psykologi, Det psykologiske fakultet, Universitetet i Bergen Jonas Lies vei 91 5009 Bergen, Norway.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2010 May 6;130(9):932-5. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.09.0255.
Contemporary neuroscience relates human behaviour, emotions and cognition to underlying neurobiological processes in the brain. Increased awareness of such processes may improve our understanding of emotional regulatory problems and development of psychopathology in some children and adolescents.
This article is based on articles identified through a non-systematic search in PubMed and on publications from the authors' own database.
Several processes form the biological basis for how children and adolescents regulate their emotions when relating to others: linear development of white matter, growth and subsequent elimination of gray matter and maturation of various neuronal networks in the brain. Emotional regulation develops discontinuously in children and adolescents, and varying degrees of maturation of specific neural networks involved in self-regulation may explain different behavioural traits that are typical for specific age groups.
Emotional regulation develops in a complex interaction between a child's relationships, experiences, activities and underlying biological/genetic factors. Knowledge of these underlying neural constraints may contribute to understanding typical behavioural traits at different ages and in children and adolescents who have difficulties controlling their emotions. Identification of genetic or environmental factors that can help children and adolescents regulate their feelings may also be important for development of more specific therapies.
当代神经科学将人类行为、情感和认知与大脑潜在的神经生物学过程联系起来。对这些过程的更多认识可能会增进我们对某些儿童和青少年情绪调节问题及精神病理学发展的理解。
本文基于通过在PubMed中进行非系统检索所确定的文章以及作者自己数据库中的出版物。
几个过程构成了儿童和青少年在与他人交往时调节情绪的生物学基础：白质的线性发育、灰质的生长及随后的消除以及大脑中各种神经网络的成熟。儿童和青少年的情绪调节是不连续发展的，参与自我调节的特定神经网络不同程度的成熟可能解释了特定年龄组典型的不同行为特征。
情绪调节在儿童的人际关系、经历、活动及潜在的生物/遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用中发展。了解这些潜在的神经限制因素可能有助于理解不同年龄以及难以控制情绪的儿童和青少年的典型行为特征。识别有助于儿童和青少年调节情绪的遗传或环境因素对于开发更具针对性的疗法可能也很重要。
