Renal failure affects the body's water-electrolyte balance. It is considered to be acute when it occurs abruptly, in a matter of hours or days. It is considered to be chronic when it lasts more than three months. Drugs are among the many causes of both acute and chronic renal failure. Their detrimental effects on the kidneys are often predictable and avoidable. Patients must be screened for risk factors, and standard rules for protecting and monitoring renal function must be followed.
肾衰竭会影响人体的水电解质平衡。如果在数小时或数天内突然发生，就被认为是急性肾衰竭。如果持续超过三个月，则被认为是慢性肾衰竭。药物是急性和慢性肾衰竭的众多病因之一。它们对肾脏的有害影响通常是可预测且可避免的。必须对患者进行危险因素筛查，并且必须遵循保护和监测肾功能的标准规则。
