Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Prahran, P.O. Box 315, Melbourne, VIC, 3181, Australia.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2011 Feb;34(1):25-36. doi: 10.1007/s00270-010-9877-z. Epub 2010 May 12.
Late complications of thrombosis of the deep veins in the region between the popliteal vein termination and the confluence of the common iliac veins and inferior vena cava (suprapopliteal deep-vein thrombosis) are common and often unrecognized by those responsible for the initial management. Pharmacomechanical-assisted clearance of the thrombus at the time of first presentation provides the best opportunity for complete recovery with preservation of normal venous valve function and avoidance of recurrent deep-vein thrombosis and postthrombotic syndrome. Recent interventional radiology methods provide for rapid and complete thrombolysis even in some patients in whom thrombolysis was previously considered contraindicated. This review describes the methods, safety, and efficacy of acute interventional treatment of suprapopliteal deep-vein thrombosis.
腘静脉终末与髂总静脉汇合处至下腔静脉（腘静脉以上深静脉血栓）之间深静脉血栓形成的晚期并发症很常见，但最初治疗的医生往往未能识别。初次就诊时采用药物机械辅助清除血栓可提供最佳的完全康复机会，同时保留正常的静脉瓣膜功能，并避免深静脉血栓形成后综合征的复发。最近的介入放射学方法可迅速、完全地溶栓，即使是以前认为溶栓禁忌的某些患者也能获益。本文描述了腘静脉以上深静脉血栓形成的急性介入治疗的方法、安全性和疗效。
