蛋的成分对肉用雏鸡孵化率及生长和屠宰特性的影响。

Effect of egg composition on hatchability and on growth and slaughter characteristics of meat-type chicks.

机构信息

Kaposvár University, Faculty of Animal Science, H-7400 Kaposvár, Guba S. U. 40, Hungary.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 2010 Apr;51(2):289-95. doi: 10.1080/00071661003774000.

DOI:10.1080/00071661003774000

PMID:20461590

Abstract

Using the so-called TOBEC (Total Body Electrical Conductivity) method, which allows the determination of egg composition in vivo, correlations between egg composition, hatchability and hatched chicks' development were studied. 2. A total of 1500 hen eggs (Ross-308) were measured by TOBEC, and eggs with extremely high (10%, n = 150), extremely low (10%, n = 150) and average (10%, n = 150) electrical conductivity values were chosen for further investigation. 3. During the incubation period, it was observed that eggs with high electrical conductivity had a significantly higher mortality than eggs with low electrical conductivity. 4. It was observed that both the increase in electrical conductivity at the same egg weight, and the increase in egg weight at the same electrical conductivity resulted in an increase in the hatching weight. 5. It was found that the dry matter, protein and fat content of the chicks hatched from eggs with low electrical conductivity was higher at hatching than that of the chicks hatched from eggs with high electrical conductivity. 6. At 42 d of age the liveweight of cocks and pullets hatched from eggs with low electrical conductivity was 3.2 and 8.2% higher than the liveweight of cocks and pullets hatched from eggs with high electrical conductivity. 7. Because of the higher liveweight at slaughter, there was a significant superiority of the chicks hatched from eggs with low electrical conductivity in the case of the examined carcase traits at slaughter. 8. Similar tendencies were found also in the ratios of carcase variables to liveweight, but the between group differences were not statistically significant in this case. 9. Based on the results it was concluded that TOBEC seems to be a useful method for separating eggs with different composition. 10. This could be a good starting point for further in vivo investigations in order to clarify the effect of egg composition on hatchability and further development.

摘要

采用所谓的全身电导率（Total Body Electrical Conductivity，TOBEC）方法，可以在体内确定卵的组成，研究了卵组成、孵化率和孵化雏鸡发育之间的相关性。
使用 TOBEC 对 1500 个母鸡蛋（Ross-308）进行了测量，并选择电导率极高（10%，n=150）、极低（10%，n=150）和平均（10%，n=150）的蛋进行进一步研究。
在孵化期间，观察到高电导率的蛋死亡率明显高于低电导率的蛋。
观察到相同蛋重下电导率的增加以及相同电导率下蛋重的增加都会导致孵化体重的增加。
发现低电导率蛋孵化的雏鸡在孵化时的干物质、蛋白质和脂肪含量高于高电导率蛋孵化的雏鸡。
42 日龄时，低电导率蛋孵化的公鸡和母鸡的活重比高电导率蛋孵化的公鸡和母鸡的活重分别高 3.2%和 8.2%。
由于屠宰时的活重更高，在屠宰时检查的胴体特征方面，低电导率蛋孵化的雏鸡具有明显的优势。
在胴体变量与活重的比例方面也发现了类似的趋势，但在这种情况下，组间差异没有统计学意义。
基于结果得出结论，TOBEC 似乎是一种分离不同组成蛋的有用方法。
这可能是进一步进行体内研究的良好起点，以阐明卵组成对孵化率和进一步发育的影响。