Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Midwifery. 2011 Aug;27(4):445-51. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.02.012. Epub 2010 May 15.
is using 'transition to motherhood theory' the best way to guide midwives in providing woman-centred care?
contemporary research about changes to women's embodied sense of self during childbearing is influenced by foundational research and theory about the transition to motherhood. Rubin and Mercer are two key nursing authors whose work on transition to motherhood theory still shapes the ways in which a woman's experience of change during childbearing is understood in midwifery.
using a feminist post-structural framework, Rubin and Mercer's theory and research is described, critiqued and discussed.
Rubin and Mercer used pre-existing theories and concepts that had the effect of finding similarities and discarding differences between women. Rubin and Mercer's theory and research is an expression of humanistic philosophy. This philosophy creates frameworks that have an assumed, disempowered role for childbearing women. Their research used a logico-empirical, quantitative approach. Qualitative interpretive or constructivist approaches offer more appropriate ways to study the highly individualised, embodied, lived experience of a woman's changing self during childbearing.
Rubin and Mercer's theory is baby-centred. Transition to motherhood theory privileges the position of experts in directing how a woman should become a mother. This has the effect of making midwives agents for the social control of women.
Rubin and Mercer's transition to motherhood theory is a well-intentioned product of its time. The theory is inconsistent with contemporary midwifery philosophy which promotes a woman-centred partnership between the midwife and the woman. The usefulness of this outdated nursing theory in midwifery teaching, research or practice is debatable.
以“向母亲身份转变理论”指导助产士提供以妇女为中心的护理是否最佳？
当代关于生育过程中女性身体自我意识变化的研究受到向母亲身份转变基础研究和理论的影响。鲁宾和默瑟是两位关键的护理作者，他们关于向母亲身份转变理论的工作仍然影响着助产士理解女性在生育过程中体验变化的方式。
使用女性主义后结构框架，描述、批判和讨论了鲁宾和默瑟的理论和研究。
鲁宾和默瑟使用了预先存在的理论和概念，这些理论和概念具有在女性之间寻找相似之处和摒弃差异的效果。鲁宾和默瑟的理论和研究是人文哲学的一种表达。这种哲学为生育女性创造了一种假设的、无权的框架。他们的研究使用了逻辑实证、定量方法。定性解释或建构主义方法为研究女性在生育过程中变化的自我的高度个体化、具体化、生活体验提供了更合适的方法。
鲁宾和默瑟的理论是以婴儿为中心的。向母亲身份转变理论使专家在指导女性如何成为母亲方面处于有利地位。这使得助产士成为社会控制女性的代理人。
鲁宾和默瑟的向母亲身份转变理论是其时代背景下的一个善意产物。该理论与当代助产士哲学不一致，后者提倡助产士与妇女之间以妇女为中心的伙伴关系。这种过时的护理理论在助产士教学、研究或实践中的有用性值得商榷。
