Anaya Juan-Manuel, Corena Rodrigo, Castiblanco John, Rojas-Villarraga Adriana, Shoenfeld Yehuda
Cellular Biology and Immunogenetics Unit, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Cra. 72-A No 78-B-141, Medellín, Colombia.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2007 Jul;3(4):623-35. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.3.4.623.
Three related lines of evidence sustain the common origin for autoimmune diseases (ADs). First, the clinical evidence corresponding to the kaleidoscope of autoimmunity, which is the co-occurrence of various ADs within an individual or co-occurrence within members of a nuclear family. Second, the physiopathologic evidence indicating that the pathologic mechanisms might be similar among ADs. Last, the genetic evidence indicating that autoimmune phenotypes could represent pleiotropic outcomes of nonspecific disease genes. The two conditions that better illustrate the kaleidoscope of autoimmunity are multiple autoimmune syndromes and familial autoimmunity. The multiple autoimmune syndromes consist of the presence of three or more well-defined autoimmune conditions in a single patient. The familial autoimmunity is defined as the presence of diverse ADs on multiple members of a nuclear family. Herein, both the multiple autoimmune syndromes and familial autoimmunity are discussed and various epidemiological factors considered in the context of the common genetic background of autoimmunity.
有三条相关的证据支持自身免疫性疾病（ADs）的共同起源。首先，临床证据对应于自身免疫的千变万化，即个体内各种ADs的同时出现或核心家庭成员间的同时出现。其次，生理病理证据表明ADs之间的病理机制可能相似。最后，遗传证据表明自身免疫表型可能代表非特异性疾病基因的多效性结果。能更好地说明自身免疫千变万化的两种情况是多发性自身免疫综合征和家族性自身免疫。多发性自身免疫综合征是指单个患者存在三种或更多明确的自身免疫性疾病。家族性自身免疫定义为核心家庭多个成员存在多种ADs。本文将讨论多发性自身免疫综合征和家族性自身免疫，并在自身免疫共同遗传背景的背景下考虑各种流行病学因素。
