Ramphele M A, Heap M, Trollip D K
Department of Social Anthropology, University of Cape Town.
S Afr Med J. 1991 Jun 15;79(12):710-3.
The immunisation status of children (0-5 years) living in the Zones, an urban migrant council-built hostel in Langa, was investigated to examine the effect of migrant labour and related to this, the effect of circular or oscillating migration between Cape Town and the eastern Cape (Transkei/Ciskei) on access to this preventive health care measure. 'Road-to-Health' cards were available for 69.4% of subjects--78.8% for those born in Cape Town and 50.8% for those born in Transkei. Immunisation of 'Road-to-Health' card holders ranged from 71.8% to 95%. The range dropped to 41-79.1% if it was assumed that children without 'Road-to-Health' cards (i.e. without positive proof of immunisation) had not been immunised. Children born in Cape Town have a significantly higher immunisation coverage than children born elsewhere (Transkei accounted for 82.7% of these children). Immunisations administered in Cape Town numbered 80.6%, while 62.6% of subjects were born in Cape Town. In Transkei, payment is required for immunisation, in Cape Town it is free. By implication, cost appeared to be an important reason for low coverage in Transkei. The findings of this study suggested that hostel migrant children who had access to the Cape Town health services through working parents had better immunisation coverage than children at the home-base who seldom or never reached the city.
对居住在兰加一个城市移民委员会建造的宿舍区的0至5岁儿童的免疫状况进行了调查，以研究移民劳工的影响，以及与此相关的开普敦和东开普（特兰斯凯/西斯凯）之间循环或摆动式移民对获得这种预防性医疗保健措施的影响。69.4%的受试者持有“健康之路”卡——开普敦出生的儿童中这一比例为78.8%，特兰斯凯出生的儿童中这一比例为50.8%。持有“健康之路”卡的儿童的免疫接种率在71.8%至95%之间。如果假设没有“健康之路”卡（即没有免疫接种阳性证明）的儿童未接种疫苗，这一比例降至41%至79.1%。在开普敦出生的儿童的免疫接种覆盖率明显高于在其他地方出生的儿童（这些儿童中有82.7%出生在特兰斯凯）。在开普敦进行的免疫接种占80.6%，而62.6%的受试者出生在开普敦。在特兰斯凯，免疫接种需要付费，在开普敦则是免费的。这意味着，费用似乎是特兰斯凯覆盖率低的一个重要原因。这项研究的结果表明，通过有工作的父母能够获得开普敦医疗服务的宿舍区移民儿童的免疫接种覆盖率高于很少或从未去过城市的原籍地儿童。
