Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Apr 23;104(16):167201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.167201. Epub 2010 Apr 19.
We propose a novel scheme for confining atoms to optical lattices by engineering a spatially inhomogeneous hopping matrix element in the Hubbard-model (HM) description, a situation we term off-diagonal confinement (ODC). We show, via an exact numerical solution of the boson HM with ODC, that this scheme possesses distinct advantages over the conventional method of confining atoms using an additional trapping potential, including incompressible Mott phases at commensurate filling and a phase diagram that is similar to the uniform HM. The experimental implementation of ODC will thus allow a more faithful realization of correlated phases in cold-atom experiments.
我们提出了一种通过在 Hubbard 模型（HM）描述中工程化非对角跳跃矩阵元来限制原子进入光学晶格的新方案，我们将这种情况称为非对角限制（ODC）。通过对具有 ODC 的玻色 HM 的精确数值解，我们表明该方案与使用附加俘获势限制原子的传统方法相比具有明显优势，包括在一致填充时的不可压缩莫特相和与均匀 HM 相似的相图。因此，ODC 的实验实现将允许在冷原子实验中更真实地实现相关相。
