Ganser A, Lindemann A, Seipelt G, Ottmann O G, Herrmann F, Eder M, Frisch J, Schulz G, Mertelsmann R, Hoelzer D
Department of Hematology, University of Frankfurt, F.R.G.
Am J Clin Oncol. 1991;14 Suppl 1:S51-63. doi: 10.1097/00000421-199112001-00010.
Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a glycoprotein belonging to the hematopoietic growth factor family that in preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies has exhibited a multilineage activity. Phase I/II trials with recombinant human IL-3 (rhIL-3) expressed in yeast are being done in patients with advanced malignancies as well as in patients with bone marrow failure states. Subcutaneous administration of rhIL-3 at dosages between 30 and 500 micrograms/m2 for 15 consecutive days has resulted in a dose-dependent increase in platelet counts as well as in a substantial increase in the number of circulating neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes in patients with advanced malignancies but normal hematopoiesis. Erythropoiesis is less stimulated with an increase in hemoglobin concentration only in a minority of patients. In patients with secondary hematopoietic failure due to prolonged chemo-/radiotherapy or bone marrow infiltration by tumor cells, treatment with rhIL-3 leads to a clinically significant restoration of hematopoiesis, especially of thrombopoiesis and granulopoiesis. rhIL-3 has also been shown to improve neutrophil and platelet counts in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, while improvement of hematopoiesis is rarely observed in patients with severe aplastic anemia with the presently used treatment schedules. Adverse effects of rhIL-3 are minor at the clinically used dosages and include fever, bone pain, headache, and stiffness of the neck. Transient thrombocytopenia has been observed in a few patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or aplastic anemia treated at dosages of 250-500 micrograms/m2. rhIL-3 is a multilineage hematopoietic cytokine with promising effects on platelet and neutrophil counts and special usefulness in patients with secondary hematopoietic failure.
白细胞介素-3（IL-3）是一种属于造血生长因子家族的糖蛋白，在临床前的体外和体内研究中已表现出多谱系活性。目前正在对晚期恶性肿瘤患者以及骨髓衰竭状态患者进行用酵母表达的重组人IL-3（rhIL-3）的I/II期试验。对晚期恶性肿瘤但造血功能正常的患者，连续15天皮下注射剂量为30至500微克/平方米的rhIL-3，可导致血小板计数呈剂量依赖性增加，以及循环中的中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞数量大幅增加。只有少数患者的红细胞生成受到刺激，血红蛋白浓度有所升高。对于因长期化疗/放疗或肿瘤细胞骨髓浸润导致继发性造血功能衰竭的患者，rhIL-3治疗可使造血功能在临床上得到显著恢复，尤其是血小板生成和粒细胞生成。rhIL-3还被证明可改善骨髓增生异常综合征患者的中性粒细胞和血小板计数，而按照目前使用的治疗方案，严重再生障碍性贫血患者很少观察到造血功能改善。rhIL-3在临床使用剂量下的不良反应较小，包括发热、骨痛、头痛和颈部僵硬。在少数接受250 - 500微克/平方米剂量治疗的骨髓增生异常综合征或再生障碍性贫血患者中观察到短暂性血小板减少。rhIL-3是一种多谱系造血细胞因子，对血小板和中性粒细胞计数有显著作用，对继发性造血功能衰竭患者特别有用。
