School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Science and Engineering, Victoria University, Melbourne City MC, Vic. 14428, Australia.
Int Nurs Rev. 2010 Mar;57(1):98-106. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00760.x.
Data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) showed a rising trend in the elderly over 65 years using multiple medications.
To identify registered nurses' (RNs) knowledge of medication management and ADRs in the elderly in aged care facilities; evaluate an education programme to increase pharmacology knowledge and prevent ADRs in the elderly; and develop a learning programme with a view to extending provision, if successful.
This exploratory study used a non-randomized pre- and post-test one group quasi-experimental design without comparators. It comprised a 23-item knowledge-based test questionnaire, one-hour teaching session and a self-directed learning package. The volunteer sample was RNs from residential aged care facilities, involved in medication management. Participants sat a pre-test immediately before the education, and post-test 4 weeks later (same questionnaire). Participants' perceptions obtained.
Pre-test sample n = 58, post-test n = 40, attrition rate of 31%. Using Microsoft Excel 2000, descriptive statistical data analysis of overall pre- and post-test incorrect responses showed: pre-test proportion of incorrect responses = 0.40; post-test proportion of incorrect responses = 0.27; Z-test comparing pre- and post-tests scores of incorrect responses = 6.55 and one-sided P-value = 2.8E-11 (P < 0.001).
Pre-test showed knowledge deficits in medication management and ADRs in the elderly; post-test showed statistically significant improvement in RNs' knowledge. It highlighted a need for continuing professional education. Further studies are required on a larger sample of RNs in other aged care facilities, and on the clinical impact of education by investigating nursing practice and elderly residents' outcomes.
数据显示，65 岁以上的老年人同时使用多种药物时，药物不良反应（ADR）呈上升趋势。
确定注册护士（RN）对老年人在养老院中药物管理和 ADR 的认知；评估一项旨在提高药理学知识和预防老年人 ADR 的教育计划；并制定一个学习计划，如果成功，将扩大服务范围。
本探索性研究采用非随机前测后测单组准实验设计，无对照组。它包括一个基于 23 项知识测试问卷、一个小时的教学课程和一个自学包。志愿者样本是参与药物管理的养老院的 RN。参与者在教育前立即进行前测，4 周后进行后测（相同的问卷）。获得参与者的感知。
前测样本 n = 58，后测 n = 40，失效率为 31%。使用 Microsoft Excel 2000，对总体前测和后测错误回答的描述性统计数据分析显示：前测错误回答的比例=0.40；后测错误回答的比例=0.27；比较前测和后测分数的 Z 检验错误回答=6.55 和单侧 P 值=2.8E-11（P < 0.001）。
前测显示出在药物管理和老年人 ADR 方面的知识不足；后测显示出 RN 知识的统计学显著提高。这凸显了继续进行专业教育的必要性。需要对其他养老院的更多 RN 进行更大样本的进一步研究，并通过调查护理实践和老年居民的结果，研究教育对临床的影响。
