Natural history of acute colonic diverticular bleeding: a prospective study in 133 consecutive patients.

BACKGROUND

Bleeding recurrence rate after spontaneous haemostasis of colonic diverticular haemorrhage varies in the literature, and a small minority of patients will require endoscopic, radiological or surgical intervention.

AIM

To study the natural history of colonic diverticular bleeding in consecutive patients.

METHODS

We studied prospectively consecutive patients admitted for colonic diverticular bleeding from 1997 to 2005. Data on age, gender, 30-day mortality, therapeutic modality for bleeding management and subsequent rebleeding were collected.

RESULTS

One hundred and thirty-three patients (mean age 75.7 years) were recruited. Bleeding stopped spontaneously in 123 patients (92.4%). A more interventional approach was necessary in 10 patients. Thirty-day mortality rate for first bleeding was 2.25%. Out of the 123 patients managed conservatively and submitted to an average follow-up of 47.5 months, 17 (13.8%) presented at least one recurrent diverticular bleeding. Spontaneous haemostasis was obtained in all recurrent cases except one, who died. The estimated bleeding recurrence rate was 3.8% at 1 year, 6.9% at 5 years and 9.8% at 10 years.

CONCLUSIONS

The low estimated rebleeding rate and the fact that rebleeding can be treated conservatively in most cases suggest that an aggressive approach with intervention is not justified.