Marshall Lewis W, Marshall Brenda L, Valladares Glenn
Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Am J Disaster Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;5(2):107-12. doi: 10.5055/ajdm.2010.0012.
Novel H1N1 influenza virus infected more than 43,000 people, killed 353 and spread to more than 122 countries within a few months. The World Health Organization declared a stage 6 worldwide pandemic. Healthcare workers and hospitals prepared for the worst. Federal and State regulations provided the legal framework to allow for the preparation and planning for a pandemic. One State had mandated both seasonal and Novel H1N1 vaccination of all healthcare workers in an effort to reduce transmission of influenza in healthcare facilities. The US Supreme Court decided in 1905 that the police power of the State permitted a State Department of Health the leeway to mandate vaccination in the face of a contagious disease. Law suits were filed, and a temporary injunction barring mandatory vaccination was entered by the court. While awaiting a court hearing, the mandatory vaccination regulation was rescinded because of the shortage of both seasonal and H1N1 vaccine. Based on the current state of the pandemic and the shortage of vaccination, it is possible that the US Supreme Court would uphold mandatory vaccination in a pandemic.
新型H1N1流感病毒在几个月内感染了超过4.3万人,造成353人死亡,并传播到122多个国家。世界卫生组织宣布全球进入6级大流行阶段。医护人员和医院都做了最坏的准备。联邦和州法规提供了法律框架,以便为大流行进行准备和规划。一个州已强制要求所有医护人员接种季节性流感疫苗和新型H1N1流感疫苗,以减少流感在医疗机构中的传播。美国最高法院在1905年裁定,面对传染病时,州的警察权力允许州卫生部有权强制要求接种疫苗。于是引发了诉讼,法院发布了一项临时禁令,禁止强制接种疫苗。在等待法庭听证期间,由于季节性流感疫苗和H1N1流感疫苗都短缺,强制接种疫苗的规定被撤销。基于当前的大流行状况和疫苗短缺情况,美国最高法院有可能在大流行期间支持强制接种疫苗。