Kaczanowska Janina, Kaczanowski Andrzej
Faculty of Biology, Warsaw University, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warszawa, Poland.
Postepy Biochem. 2010;56(1):29-40.
During cell division the bipolar microtubular mitotic spindle ensures faithful segregation of daughter chromosomes and appearance of the cytokinetic membrane in an equatorial area separating genetically identical daughter cells. This process proceeds in consecutive morphological stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and cytokinesis. The progress in embryology and oncology concerns the new data about intervening mechanisms of rotation of a bipolar spindle in prophase and the change of the position of a mitotic spindle in anaphase that result in an asymmetric and differential mitoses. The aim of this review is a discussion of some of molecular and signaling mechanisms which regulate position of mitotic spindles in different types of cells. It turns out that the knowledge of receptor-dependent and receptor-independent molecular mechanisms controlling geometry and localization of cytokinesis in some human cells and in early stages of development of C. elegans opens the new important research fields.
在细胞分裂过程中，双极微管有丝分裂纺锤体确保子染色体的准确分离，并在分隔基因相同的子细胞的赤道区域出现胞质分裂膜。这个过程以连续的前期、中期、后期和胞质分裂的形态阶段进行。胚胎学和肿瘤学的进展涉及到关于前期双极纺锤体旋转的干预机制以及后期有丝分裂纺锤体位置变化导致不对称和差异有丝分裂的新数据。本综述的目的是讨论一些调节不同类型细胞中有丝分裂纺锤体位置的分子和信号机制。事实证明，了解控制某些人类细胞和秀丽隐杆线虫发育早期胞质分裂的几何形状和定位的受体依赖性和受体非依赖性分子机制，开辟了新的重要研究领域。
