University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, California 92093-0714, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Jun;30(6):562-84. doi: 10.1592/phco.30.6.562.
Aerosolized delivery of antimicrobial agents is an attractive option for management of pulmonary infections, as this is an ideal method of providing high local drug concentrations while minimizing systemic exposure. With the paucity of consensus regarding the safety, efficacy, and means with which to use aerosolized antimicrobials, a task force was created by the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists to critically review and evaluate the literature on the use of aerosolized antiinfective agents. This article summarizes key findings and statements for preventing or treating a variety of infectious diseases, including cystic fibrosis, bronchiecstasis, hospital-acquired pneumonia, fungal infections, nontuberculosis mycobacterial infection, and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Our intention was to provide guidance for clinicians on the use of aerosolized antibiotics through evidence-based pharmacotherapy. Further research with well-designed clinical trials is necessary to elucidate the optimal dosage and duration of therapy and, of equal importance, to appreciate the true risks associated with the use of aerosolized delivery systems.
雾化给药是治疗肺部感染的一种有吸引力的选择，因为这是提供高局部药物浓度的理想方法，同时最大限度地减少全身暴露。由于对雾化抗菌药物的安全性、疗效以及使用方法缺乏共识，感染病学会药剂师协会成立了一个工作组，对雾化抗感染药物的使用进行了严格的审查和评估。本文总结了预防或治疗各种传染病的关键发现和声明，包括囊性纤维化、支气管扩张症、医院获得性肺炎、真菌感染、非结核分枝杆菌感染和卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。我们的目的是通过循证药物治疗为临床医生提供关于雾化抗生素使用的指导。需要进一步进行精心设计的临床试验研究，以阐明最佳剂量和治疗持续时间，同样重要的是，要了解与使用雾化给药系统相关的真正风险。
