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尼泊尔东部和中部恶性疟原虫疟疾的特征及危险因素

Characteristics and risk factors of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Eastern and Central Nepal.

作者信息

Banjara M R, Sirawaraporn W, Petmitr S, Imwong M, Joshi A B, Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr P

机构信息

Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

出版信息

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2009 Oct-Dec;7(28):378-82. doi: 10.3126/kumj.v7i4.2758.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Very limited information is available on epidemiology of falciparum malaria in Nepal. Such information is very important for malaria control programmes. It is believed that malaria in Eastern region is imported from border districts of India and local transmission follows whereas it is indigenous in Central region. Therefore, the characteristics and risk factors of malaria are believed to be different in Eastern and Central Nepal.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study is to describe and compare the characteristics and risk factors of falciparum malaria in Eastern and Central Nepal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in falciparum malaria endemic districts of Eastern and Central Nepal, during the period 2007 to 2008. We identified and collected information from 106 patients (62 from Eastern and 44 from Central region). Patient examination, clinical and laboratory assessment were done and patients were interviewed using structured questionnaire for malaria related characteristics, risk factors and behaviours.

RESULTS

There were significant differences in risk factors and characteristics of falciparum malaria in the Central than the Eastern region. In the Central region, male, illiteracy and thatched roof hut were significant risk factors of falciparum malaria patients as compared to the Eastern region. Visits outside within three months, previous malaria within three months, taking antimalarial before confirmatory diagnosis were significantly higher in patients of the Eastern region as compared to the Central region.

CONCLUSION

Falciparum malaria in Nepal should not be seen as similar entity, and different strategies for prevention and control is needed for its diverse characteristics and endemicity.

摘要

背景

关于尼泊尔恶性疟流行病学的信息非常有限。此类信息对疟疾控制项目极为重要。据信,东部地区的疟疾是从印度边境地区输入的,随后出现本地传播,而中部地区的疟疾是本土性的。因此,尼泊尔东部和中部的疟疾特征及危险因素被认为有所不同。

目的

本研究的目的是描述并比较尼泊尔东部和中部恶性疟的特征及危险因素。

材料与方法

这项横断面研究于2007年至2008年期间在尼泊尔东部和中部的恶性疟流行地区开展。我们从106名患者(62名来自东部地区,44名来自中部地区)中识别并收集信息。进行了患者检查、临床和实验室评估,并使用结构化问卷对患者进行访谈,以了解与疟疾相关的特征、危险因素和行为。

结果

中部地区恶性疟的危险因素和特征与东部地区存在显著差异。与东部地区相比,中部地区男性、文盲以及茅草屋顶小屋是恶性疟患者的显著危险因素。与中部地区相比,东部地区患者在三个月内外出、三个月内曾患疟疾、在确诊前服用抗疟药的比例显著更高。

结论

尼泊尔的恶性疟不应被视为相同的情况,鉴于其多样的特征和流行情况,需要采取不同的预防和控制策略。

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