Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2011 Feb;34(1):14-24. doi: 10.1007/s00270-010-9865-3. Epub 2010 May 26.
Establishment of stable vascular access is one of the essential and most challenging procedures in a pediatric hospital. Many clinical specialties provide vascular service in a pediatric hospital. At the top of the "expert procedural pyramid" is the pediatric interventional radiologist, who is best suited and trained to deliver this service. Growing awareness regarding the safety and high success rate of vascular access using image guidance has led to increased demand from clinicians to provide around-the-clock vascular access service by pediatric interventional radiologists. Hence, the success of a vascular access program, with the pediatric interventional radiologist as the key provider, is challenging, and a coordinated multidisciplinary team effort is essential for success. However, there are few dedicated pediatric interventional radiologists across the globe, and also only a couple of training programs exist for pediatric interventions. This article gives an overview of the technical aspects of pediatric vascular access and provides useful tips for obtaining vascular access in children safely and successfully using image guidance.
建立稳定的血管通路是儿科医院中必不可少且极具挑战性的操作之一。许多临床科室在儿科医院提供血管服务。在“专家操作金字塔”的顶端是儿科介入放射科医生，他们最适合且经过培训能够提供这项服务。越来越多的人意识到使用影像引导进行血管通路操作的安全性和高成功率，这导致临床医生对儿科介入放射科医生提供 24 小时血管通路服务的需求增加。因此，以儿科介入放射科医生为主要提供者的血管通路项目的成功是具有挑战性的，需要一个协调的多学科团队共同努力才能取得成功。然而，全球范围内专门从事儿科介入放射学的医生很少，而且也只有少数几个儿科介入培训项目。本文概述了儿科血管通路的技术方面，并提供了使用影像引导安全、成功地为儿童获取血管通路的有用技巧。
