登革病毒

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

Clin Lab Med. 2010 Mar;30(1):149-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2009.10.007.

Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne virus affecting humans today. The virus group consists of 4 serotypes that manifest with similar symptoms. Dengue causes a spectrum of disease, ranging from a mild febrile illness to a life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever. Breeding sites for the mosquitoes that transmit dengue virus have proliferated, partly because of population growth and uncontrolled urbanization in tropical and subtropical countries. Successful vector control programs have also been eliminated, often because of lack of governmental funding. Dengue viruses have evolved rapidly as they have spread worldwide, and genotypes associated with increased virulence have spread across Asia and the Americas. This article describes the virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations and outcomes, and treatments/vaccines associated with dengue infection.

登革热是当今影响人类的最普遍的节肢动物传播病毒。该病毒组由4种血清型组成，表现出相似的症状。登革热会引发一系列疾病，从轻度发热疾病到危及生命的登革出血热。传播登革热病毒的蚊子的滋生地不断增加，部分原因是热带和亚热带国家的人口增长以及城市化失控。成功的病媒控制项目也常常因缺乏政府资金而被取消。登革热病毒在全球传播过程中迅速进化，与毒力增加相关的基因型已在亚洲和美洲传播开来。本文描述了与登革热感染相关的病毒学、流行病学、临床表现及转归，以及治疗方法/疫苗。