Graham K S, Deary I J
Department of Psychology, Edinburgh University, UK.
J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1991 Apr;36(2):70-4.
Recent interest in the selection of surgical trainees has been directed towards the use of aptitude tests. Using mainly senior surgeons' ratings of trainees' surgical ability for comparison, specific areas of objective investigation have included manual dexterity, spatial ability, personality, and decision-making ability. While certain spatial ability tests have been shown to correlate with ratings of surgical skill, tests of manual dexterity have not. Personality variables, specifically, show how surgeons deal with stress and decision-making ability, and are considered to be important within the profession. Although aptitude tests are being used in medical recruitment, there is still widespread disagreement over their inclusion and their validity. It is proposed that the use of aptitude testing in surgery is limited by three principal factors: there are too few well-designed studies investigating the basic psychological and psychomotor abilities considered to be specific to surgical skill; the use of subjective ratings of surgical ability as the independent variable in most studies; and the fact that, as yet, there is no working definition of superior surgical ability.
近期对外科住院医师选拔的关注主要集中在能力倾向测试的应用上。主要通过资深外科医生对住院医师手术能力的评分进行比较，客观调查的具体领域包括手眼协调性、空间能力、性格和决策能力。虽然某些空间能力测试已被证明与手术技能评分相关，但手眼协调性测试却并非如此。性格变量，具体而言，展示了外科医生应对压力和决策的能力，并且在该行业中被认为很重要。尽管能力倾向测试已用于医学招聘，但对于是否应纳入此类测试及其有效性仍存在广泛争议。有人提出，手术中能力倾向测试的应用受到三个主要因素的限制：针对被认为是手术技能所特有的基本心理和心理运动能力进行调查的精心设计的研究太少；在大多数研究中，将手术能力的主观评分用作自变量；以及目前尚无卓越手术能力的有效定义这一事实。
