Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 Aug;45(4):266-75. doi: 10.3109/10409238.2010.488216.
The maintenance of genomic stability relies on the coordinated action of a number of cellular processes, including activation of the DNA-damage checkpoint, DNA replication, DNA repair, and telomere homeostasis. Many proteins involved in these cellular processes use different types of functional modules to regulate and execute their functions. Recent studies have revealed that many DNA-damage checkpoint and DNA repair proteins in human cells possess the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) fold domains, which are known to bind single-stranded DNA in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Furthermore, during the DNA damage response, the OB folds of the human checkpoint and DNA repair proteins play critical roles in DNA binding, protein complex assembly, and regulating protein-protein interactions. These findings suggest that the OB fold is an evolutionarily conserved functional module that is widely used by genome guardians. In this review, we will highlight the functions of several well-characterized or newly discovered eukaryotic OB-fold proteins in the DNA damage response.
基因组稳定性的维持依赖于许多细胞过程的协调作用，包括 DNA 损伤检查点的激活、DNA 复制、DNA 修复和端粒稳态。许多参与这些细胞过程的蛋白质使用不同类型的功能模块来调节和执行其功能。最近的研究表明，人类细胞中的许多 DNA 损伤检查点和 DNA 修复蛋白都具有寡核苷酸/寡糖结合（OB）折叠结构域，这些结构域已知在原核生物和真核生物中都能结合单链 DNA。此外，在 DNA 损伤反应期间，人类检查点和 DNA 修复蛋白的 OB 折叠在 DNA 结合、蛋白质复合物组装和调节蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用中发挥关键作用。这些发现表明，OB 折叠是一个进化上保守的功能模块，被基因组守护者广泛使用。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍几种在 DNA 损伤反应中已被充分研究或新发现的真核 OB 折叠蛋白的功能。
