Department of Medicine,University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Rheumatol. 2010 Jul;37(7):1395-404. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.091186. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Acetabular dysplasia is well recognized as a potential predisposing factor to the development of hip osteoarthritis (OA). In the orthopedic literature, other dysmorphic and orientation abnormalities of the femoral head, femoral head-neck junction, and the acetabulum have been reported, with increasing frequency in recent years, under the term femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI). The studies have shown a clear association of these structural anomalies with patients' symptoms and signs, radiographic and pathologic abnormalities, and the development of degenerative hip arthritis. FAI is now believed to be a very important predisposing factor for the development of degenerative hip arthritis, particularly in younger adults. Although the results of longterm studies are awaited, the hope is that early surgical intervention in patients with FAI will change the course or prevent the development of hip OA. It is well documented that early recognition of potential FAI surgical candidates, before OA is advanced, determines the postsurgical outcome. FAI has not been reported in the rheumatology literature, but since patients with FAI likely often initially present to rheumatology clinics for assessment of hip pain, it is important for rheumatologists to be aware of this condition and refer to orthopedics when appropriate. The objective of this review is to provide an outline of the basic concepts of FAI, including clinical presentation and radiographic findings, so that rheumatologists become more familiar with this important emerging entity.
髋臼发育不良被认为是髋关节骨关节炎（OA）发展的潜在诱发因素。近年来，在骨科文献中，越来越频繁地报道了股骨头、股骨头颈交界处和髋臼的其他变形和定向异常，并将其归为股骨髋臼撞击综合征（FAI）。研究表明，这些结构异常与患者的症状和体征、影像学和病理学异常以及退行性髋关节炎的发展有明确的相关性。FAI 现在被认为是退行性髋关节炎发展的一个非常重要的诱发因素，尤其是在年轻人中。尽管还需要长期研究的结果，但希望对 FAI 患者进行早期手术干预将改变病程或预防髋 OA 的发展。有充分的文献记载，在 OA 进展之前，早期识别潜在的 FAI 手术候选者，决定了手术后的结果。在风湿病学文献中尚未报道 FAI，但由于 FAI 患者很可能最初经常到风湿病学诊所就诊以评估髋痛，因此风湿病学家了解这种情况并在适当情况下转介给骨科医生非常重要。本综述的目的是提供 FAI 的基本概念概述，包括临床表现和影像学发现，以使风湿病学家更加熟悉这一重要的新兴实体。
