Duker J S, Belmont J B, Benson W E, Brooks H L, Brown G C, Federman J L, Fischer D H, Tasman W S
Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Ophthalmology. 1991 Apr;98(4):519-26. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(91)32262-0.
The authors report a series of 20 eyes from 20 patients in whom inadvertent perforation of the globe occurred during local anesthesia for ocular surgery. Perforation resulted from retrobulbar anesthesia in 18 eyes and from peribulbar anesthesia in 2 eyes. Nine (45%) of 20 eyes had an axial length greater than or equal to 26.00 mm. Combining this figure with axial length data for the general population and estimates for the risk of globe perforation during local anesthesia yields an approximate incidence of perforation in eyes with axial length greater than or equal to 26.00 mm of 1 in 140 injections. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) developed in 8 of the 20 eyes (40%) in this series. Overall, 15 (75%) of the 20 eyes were successfully repaired, and, in five eyes (25%), the final visual acuity was 20/70 or better.
作者报告了20例患者的20只眼睛，这些患者在眼科手术局部麻醉期间发生了眼球意外穿孔。18只眼睛的穿孔是由球后麻醉引起的，2只眼睛的穿孔是由球周麻醉引起的。20只眼睛中有9只（45%）眼轴长度大于或等于26.00mm。将该数据与一般人群的眼轴长度数据以及局部麻醉期间眼球穿孔的风险估计相结合，得出眼轴长度大于或等于26.00mm的眼睛在每140次注射中发生穿孔的近似发生率为1次。该系列中20只眼睛中有8只（40%）发生了增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）。总体而言，20只眼睛中有15只（75%）成功修复，5只眼睛（25%）最终视力达到20/70或更好。
