Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010 Sep;89(9):1192-6. doi: 10.3109/00016349.2010.493194.
Menstruation-related spontaneous pneumothorax (MSP), also termed catamenial pneumothorax, is a syndrome of spontaneous pneumothorax during menstruation due to endometriotic lesions in the diaphragm and thoracic cavity. Previously MSP was considered rare, and to cause only 3-6% of all spontaneous pneumothoraces in otherwise healthy women. Current data suggest that the incidence is substantially higher and MSP might be the reason for spontaneous pneumothoraces in up to 25-33% of all cases in women of reproductive age. The typical characteristics are a high recurrence rate and diaphragmatic spread of endometriotic lesions. We report six patients who had been diagnosed to have diaphragmatic endometriosis and four of them had developed MSP. Optimal management requires flexible collaboration between thoracic surgeons and gynecologists. Although treatment is primarily surgical, long-lasting and successful management requires that amenorrhea is induced with hormonal therapy, either by continuous contraceptives, progestins, the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device or GnRH-agonists.
月经相关自发性气胸（MSP），也称为月经性气胸，是由于膈和胸腔内子宫内膜异位症导致的月经期间自发性气胸的综合征。此前，MSP 被认为很少见，仅占所有健康女性自发性气胸的 3-6%。目前的数据表明，发病率要高得多，MSP 可能是所有育龄期女性自发性气胸病例中高达 25-33%的原因。其典型特征是高复发率和子宫内膜异位症的膈肌扩散。我们报告了 6 例被诊断为膈子宫内膜异位症的患者，其中 4 例发生了 MSP。最佳的管理需要胸外科医生和妇科医生之间灵活的合作。尽管治疗主要是手术，但要长期成功地进行管理，需要通过激素治疗诱导闭经，方法是使用连续避孕药、孕激素、左炔诺孕酮释放宫内节育器或 GnRH-激动剂。
