Benagiano Giuseppe, Carrara Sabina, Filippi Valentina
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Roma, Italy.
Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2010 Aug;15(4):220-31. doi: 10.3109/13625187.2010.490888.
To describe the many forms of gender-based violence and their consequences for society and women's health, focusing on various aspects of the problem, including harassment, stalking, incapacitated rape and war-related violence.
For each main area a search was made using PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, classic books, Google and religious websites. The most relevant publications were then utilised for preparing the manuscript.
Gender-based violence persists worldwide in spite of efforts by many governments and international organisations to quench it. Men continue to exercise dominance over women, often their own or prospective partners or dates. Abuses are physical, psychological or verbal; they all aim at subduing women. Those that occur during pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Acts of violence can take the form of aggression, coercion, harassment or trafficking; are often committed against minors; may be prompted by an ill-conceived need to defend the family honour and be widespread during armed conflicts.
Men's violent sexual behaviour has often been interpreted as a consequence of blind sexual drive. Today, however, aggressive behaviour is considered to be sensitive to and influenced by environmental cues. Eradication is possible and efforts to eliminate gender-based violence should be intensified.
描述基于性别的暴力的多种形式及其对社会和女性健康的影响，重点关注该问题的各个方面，包括骚扰、跟踪、无行为能力强奸以及与战争相关的暴力。
针对每个主要领域，使用PubMed、Medline、ScienceDirect、Scopus、经典书籍、谷歌和宗教网站进行搜索。然后利用最相关的出版物来撰写本文。
尽管许多政府和国际组织努力消除基于性别的暴力，但这种暴力在全球范围内仍然存在。男性继续对女性施加支配，通常是对自己的伴侣、潜在伴侣或约会对象。虐待行为包括身体、心理或言语上的；其目的都是制服女性。孕期发生的虐待行为会增加不良后果的风险。暴力行为可以表现为攻击、胁迫、骚扰或贩运；通常针对未成年人；可能由维护家庭荣誉的错误观念引发，并且在武装冲突期间普遍存在。
男性的暴力性行为常常被解释为盲目性欲的结果。然而如今，攻击行为被认为对环境线索敏感并受其影响。消除基于性别的暴力是可能的，应加大消除此类暴力的力度。
