Biomedical Engineering Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2010 Oct;18(5):498-504. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2010.2052132. Epub 2010 Jun 7.
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) pedaling with the muscles of the upper leg has been shown to provide benefit to spinal cord injured (SCI) individuals. FES pedaling with electrical stimulation timing patterns that minimize the stress-time integral of activated muscles has been shown to increase the work individuals can perform during the exercise compared to existing FES stimulation timing patterns. Activation of the lower leg muscles could further enhance the benefit of FES pedaling by increasing the metabolic response to the exercise. For SCI individuals, the objectives of this study were to experimentally determine whether FES pedaling with the upper and lower leg muscles would affect the work generated and increase the physiological responses compared to pedaling with the upper leg muscles alone. Work, rate of oxygen consumption ·VO₂, and blood lactate data were measured from nine SCI subjects (injury level T4-T12) as they pedaled using upper leg and upper and lower leg muscle groups on repeated trials. The subjects performed 6% more work with the upper and lower legs than with the upper legs alone, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.2433). The average rate of oxygen consumption associated with the upper leg muscles (441 ±231 mL/min) was not significantly different from the corresponding average for the upper and lower legs (473 ±213 mL/min) (p = 0.1176). The blood lactate concentration associated with the upper leg muscles (5.9 ±2.3 mmoles/L) was significantly lower than the corresponding average for the upper and lower legs (6.8 ±2.3 mmoles/L) (p = 0.0049). The results indicate that electrical stimulation timing patterns that incorporate the lower leg muscles do increase the blood lactate concentrations. However, there was not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis that stimulating the lower leg muscles affected the work accomplished or increased the rate of oxygen consumption. In conclusion, incorporating the lower leg muscles in the exercise does not lead to negative effects and could result in enhanced exercise outcomes in the long term.
功能性电刺激（FES）蹬踏以上腿部肌肉已被证明对脊髓损伤（SCI）个体有益。与现有的 FES 刺激定时模式相比，通过最小化激活肌肉的应力度时积分，使用电刺激定时模式进行 FES 蹬踏已被证明可以增加个体在运动过程中完成的工作量。激活小腿肌肉可以通过增加运动的代谢反应进一步增强 FES 蹬踏的益处。对于 SCI 个体，本研究的目的是通过实验确定 FES 蹬踏以上部和下部腿部肌肉是否会影响产生的工作量，并与仅使用上部腿部肌肉蹬踏相比增加生理反应。在重复试验中，通过测量 9 名 SCI 受试者（损伤水平 T4-T12）在上部和下部腿部肌肉以及上部腿部肌肉上蹬踏时的工作量、耗氧量·VO₂ 率和血乳酸数据。与仅使用上部腿部肌肉相比，受试者使用上部和下部腿部可多完成 6%的工作量，但差异无统计学意义（p=0.2433）。与上部腿部肌肉相关的平均耗氧量（441±231mL/min）与上部和下部腿部的相应平均值（473±213mL/min）无显著差异（p=0.1176）。与上部腿部肌肉相关的血乳酸浓度（5.9±2.3mmol/L）明显低于上部和下部腿部的相应平均值（6.8±2.3mmol/L）（p=0.0049）。结果表明，包含小腿肌肉的电刺激定时模式确实会增加血乳酸浓度。然而，没有足够的证据拒绝刺激小腿肌肉会影响完成的工作量或增加耗氧量的零假设。总之，将小腿肌肉纳入运动不会产生负面影响，并且从长远来看可能会导致运动结果得到增强。
