Department of Public Health, Merlin Park, Galway, Ireland.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2010 Jul-Aug;45(4):379-86. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agq032. Epub 2010 Jun 7.
The study aim was to calculate Irish alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs) and to apply these measurements to existing data in order to quantify the impact of alcohol on mortality.
Exposure of the Irish population to alcohol was derived from a national survey and combined with estimates of the alcohol-disease/injury risk association from meta-analyses in the international literature to calculate Irish AAFs. In diseases for which relative risk estimates were not available, such as injury, AAFs were taken directly from Ridolfo and Stevenson [(2001) The quantification of drug-caused mortality and morbidity in Australia, 1998. In Drug Statistics Series no. 7. AIHW cat. no. PHE 29. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra]. AAFs were applied to national datasets to calculate alcohol-attributed mortality caused or prevented and potential years of life lost (PYLL) or saved.
In Ireland, over the 5-year period from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2004, alcohol was estimated to have caused 4.4% (6584) of deaths and 10.8% (131,245) of all-cause PYLL. Alcohol was estimated to have prevented 2.7% (3967) of deaths and 1.5% (18,285) of all-cause PYLL. This resulted in an estimated net effect of 1.8% (2616) of deaths and 9.3% (112,959) of all-cause PYLL. Chronic conditions were responsible for 69% of alcohol-attributable deaths and acute conditions for 31%. Conditions not wholly attributable to alcohol accounted for 83% of deaths as opposed to 17% for conditions wholly caused by alcohol.
This study showed for the first time the full magnitude of deaths from alcohol in Ireland and revealed that while young people and those dependent on alcohol are at high risk of negative outcomes due to alcohol, particularly acute injuries, at an individual level, at a population level it is in fact moderate drinkers and chronic diseases, not wholly attributable to alcohol, that are associated with most alcohol-attributed deaths. The findings of this study suggest that policies focusing on the whole population attitude to alcohol, and chronic conditions and conditions partially attributable to alcohol, would yield considerable public health benefits.
本研究旨在计算爱尔兰的酒精归因分数（AAFs），并将这些测量结果应用于现有数据，以量化酒精对死亡率的影响。
通过全国性调查得出爱尔兰人口的酒精暴露情况，并结合国际文献中荟萃分析得出的酒精-疾病/伤害风险关联的估计值，计算爱尔兰的 AAFs。对于没有相对风险估计值的疾病，如伤害，AAF 直接取自 Ridolfo 和 Stevenson [(2001) 澳大利亚的药物引起的死亡率和发病率的量化，1998 年。在药物统计系列第 7 号。AIHW cat。编号 PHE 29. 澳大利亚健康与福利研究所，堪培拉]。AAF 应用于国家数据集，以计算由酒精引起的死亡和预防的死亡以及潜在生命损失（PYLL）或节省的生命。
在爱尔兰，2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2004 年 12 月 31 日的 5 年期间，估计酒精导致 4.4%（6584）的死亡和 10.8%（131,245）的全因 PYLL。酒精估计预防了 2.7%（3967）的死亡和 1.5%（18,285）的全因 PYLL。这导致估计有 1.8%（2616）的死亡和 9.3%（112,959）的全因 PYLL 是净效应。慢性疾病占酒精归因死亡的 69%，急性疾病占 31%。并非完全归因于酒精的疾病占死亡的 83%，而完全归因于酒精的疾病占 17%。
本研究首次全面展示了爱尔兰因酒精而导致的死亡人数，并表明，尽管年轻人和依赖酒精的人因酒精而面临高风险的负面后果，尤其是急性伤害，但在个体层面上，实际上是中度饮酒者和非完全归因于酒精的慢性疾病与大多数酒精归因死亡有关。本研究的结果表明，侧重于整个人群对酒精的态度以及慢性疾病和部分归因于酒精的疾病的政策将带来可观的公共卫生效益。
