Repke J T, Villar J
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jul;54(1 Suppl):237S-241S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/54.1.237S.
Considerable interest has developed regarding the role of calcium in the regulation of blood pressure. Epidemiologic investigations, laboratory evaluations, and clinical trials all confirm that the relationship between calcium and blood pressure extends to include the pregnant state. On the basis of current information it is clear that calcium supplementation during pregnancy lowers blood pressure. Additionally, the effect of calcium on blood pressure may influence the incidence and/or gestational age of development of preeclampsia. Additionally, the effect on smooth-muscle relaxation detected in calcium-supplemented patients may affect the incidence of prematurity. Although the mechanism for these effects has not been entirely elucidated, calcium supplementation appears to affect circulating concentrations of parathyroid hormone and renin, which may modulate intracellular ionized calcium, resulting in the observed effect on smooth-muscle relaxation. This effect may also be responsible for reduced uterine activity and for a lowering of the incidence of prematurity.
钙在血压调节中的作用已引发了广泛关注。流行病学调查、实验室评估及临床试验均证实，钙与血压之间的关系涵盖了孕期。基于现有信息，很明显孕期补充钙可降低血压。此外，钙对血压的影响可能会影响先兆子痫的发生率和/或发病孕周。另外，在补充钙的患者中检测到的对平滑肌舒张的影响可能会影响早产的发生率。尽管这些作用的机制尚未完全阐明，但补充钙似乎会影响甲状旁腺激素和肾素的循环浓度，这可能会调节细胞内离子钙，从而产生观察到的对平滑肌舒张的作用。这种作用也可能是子宫活动减少和早产发生率降低的原因。
