Optimal treatment with systemic chemotherapy, complete surgical excision and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for a desmoplastic small round cell tumor in an adult male patient.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a very rare but aggressive malignancy. It is usually observed in males during adolescent and early adulthood. The tumor primarily affects the intra-abdominal serosal and is characterized by distinctive histological and immunophenotypic features and by the specific reciprocal translocation EWS-WT1. Prognosis is mainly poor with a mean survival approximately of 2.5 years. However, long-term survivals have been reported using aggressive multimodal therapy based on complete surgical excision, systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the multimodal approach has been reported in very few cases but no effect on survival has been clearly demonstrated. We report a case of a 51-year old adult patient presenting with a DSRCT treated with aggressive therapy based on systemic chemotherapy, complete cytoreductive surgery associated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, resulting in a long term survival of 4 years.