Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, Roma, Italy.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Sep;104(6):824-32. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510001522. Epub 2010 Jun 14.
Consumption of grape seed extract (GSE) is widely marketed as a dietary supplement and is considered safe for human health. Nevertheless, the analytical composition of GSE from different grape cultivars, growing in special agronomic constraints, differs greatly in flavan-3-ols content. The major concern with GSE studies is a lack of availability of uniformly standardised preparations, which raises an important question whether different GSE samples have comparable activity and trigger the same mechanisms of action on a given biological system. Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that GSE, obtained from different cultivars, could exert differentiated anticancer effects. The focus of the present study is to determine the selective biological efficacy of GSE obtained from three different sources on the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. Irrespective of its source, high doses of GSE induced a significant inhibition on Caco-2 cell growth. Moreover, apoptosis was enhanced through both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent mechanisms, leading to an early apoptosis-inducing factor release and, further, to a dramatic increase in caspase 7 and 3 activity. However, a significant difference in apoptotic rates induced by the three grape sources clearly emerged when treating cancer cells with low and intermediate GSE concentrations (25 and 50 microg/ml).
葡萄籽提取物 (GSE) 的消费被广泛宣传为膳食补充剂，被认为对人类健康是安全的。然而，在特殊农业限制下生长的不同葡萄品种的 GSE 的分析成分在黄烷-3-醇含量上有很大的不同。GSE 研究的主要关注点是缺乏统一标准化的制剂，这引发了一个重要的问题，即不同的 GSE 样品是否具有可比的活性，并对给定的生物系统触发相同的作用机制。因此，人们不禁推测，来自不同品种的 GSE 可能会产生不同的抗癌作用。本研究的重点是确定来自三种不同来源的 GSE 对人结肠癌细胞系 Caco-2 的选择性生物功效。无论其来源如何，高剂量的 GSE 都会显著抑制 Caco-2 细胞的生长。此外，通过 caspase 依赖性和 caspase 非依赖性机制增强了细胞凋亡，导致早期凋亡诱导因子的释放，并进一步导致 caspase 7 和 3 活性的急剧增加。然而，当用低浓度和中等浓度的 GSE（25 和 50μg/ml）处理癌细胞时，三种葡萄来源诱导的细胞凋亡率明显不同。
