Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Brazil.
Health Promot Int. 2010 Dec;25(4):425-34. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daq035. Epub 2010 Jun 11.
Health promotion aims to ensure that the population has improved living and health conditions, and schools are appropriate environments in which to do this. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of health promotion in terms of oral health in special schools for mentally disable pupils in Brazil. The study was cross-sectional and adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach, using triangulation methods to observe the reality. An epidemiological survey was performed in order to analyse the oral health status; a semi-structured questionnaire and participative observation were used for the qualitative analysis of the health promotion activities undertaken in the schools; case studies were carried out to evaluate the profile of oral health status in the context of the schools. The sample was comprised of 383 school-children aged 2-19, stratified among 7 schools, Curitiba/Paraná/Brazil. The analysis was performed by means of frequency distribution and associations between variables, using the SPSS 16.0 program. The oral health status prevalences in the population studied were dental caries, 49.3%; bleeding gums, 23.8%; dental trauma, 11% and toothache in the last 3 months, 17,8%. Dental caries and bleeding gums experience was associated with the level of the mother's education (p<0.00) and age group (p<0.00). Dental trauma and toothache in the last 3 months were associated with the level of the mother's education (p<0.00 and p<0.00, respectively). Analysis of the dimensions of health promotion demonstrated that health is being promoted in all the schools studied. However, the analysis of oral health indicators per school revealed a possible interference of socio-demographic aspects in the results. It was concluded that the analysed special schools for the mentally disabled promote health. However, the socio-demographic profile of this population appears to have greater influence on vulnerability than the school context in relation to oral health status.
促进健康旨在确保人们拥有更好的生活和健康条件，而学校是开展这项工作的合适环境。本研究旨在调查在巴西智障儿童特殊学校中，以促进健康为目标的口腔健康促进的效果。该研究采用了横断面研究设计，并采用了定性和定量方法，使用三角测量方法来观察现实。进行了一项流行病学调查，以分析口腔健康状况；使用半结构式问卷和参与式观察对学校开展的健康促进活动进行了定性分析；进行了病例研究，以评估学校背景下的口腔健康状况。样本包括来自巴西库里提巴/巴拉那州的 7 所学校的 383 名 2-19 岁的学生。使用 SPSS 16.0 程序进行了频率分布和变量之间的关联分析。在所研究的人群中，口腔健康状况的流行率分别为龋齿，49.3%；牙龈出血，23.8%；牙外伤，11%；过去 3 个月的牙痛，17.8%。龋齿和牙龈出血的经历与母亲的教育程度（p<0.00）和年龄组（p<0.00）相关。牙外伤和过去 3 个月的牙痛与母亲的教育程度（p<0.00 和 p<0.00）相关。健康促进维度的分析表明，所有研究的学校都在促进健康。然而，对每所学校的口腔健康指标进行分析表明，社会人口统计学方面可能对结果产生了干扰。研究结论认为，所分析的智障儿童特殊学校促进了健康。然而，与学校背景相比，该人群的社会人口统计学特征似乎对口腔健康状况的脆弱性有更大的影响。
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