MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Dalton Trans. 2010 Jul 28;39(28):6524-31. doi: 10.1039/c0dt00067a. Epub 2010 Jun 14.
We report a soft and straightforward method for synthesizing two- and three-dimensionally patterned silicate materials by phase separation using nonionic emulsion templates. Our liquid-state method involves, under controlled atmosphere, the mixing of a condensed silica solution with an oil-in-water emulsion in the presence of a solution of a nonionic emulsifier, Triton X-100. The preparation is stabilized using an organic solvent. The morphology of the silicate materials is significantly modified by changing the reaction conditions or the concentration of the reagents. Three-dimensionally macro and nanoporous continuous films and nanoporous individual spherical particles, both made of amorphous silica, are obtained. The structure of the films and particles is defined by the emulsion template. Films were on average 20 microm thick with a volume-based porosity of approximately 7 x 10(-2) cm(3) g(-1), with pore size correlating well with the size of the oil droplets in the templating emulsion. The siliceous films are bicontinuous leading to large surface areas and openly accessible pores. Individual spheres ranged in size from approximately 1 to 6 microm in diameter with nanoporous openings of 300 nm in diameter. The porosity and integrity of all materials are maintained upon calcination.
我们报告了一种通过使用非离子乳液模板进行相分离合成二维和三维图案化硅酸盐材料的柔软且直接的方法。我们的液态方法包括在受控气氛下，在非离子乳化剂 Triton X-100 的溶液存在下，将浓缩的硅溶胶与水包油乳液混合。通过使用有机溶剂来稳定制备。通过改变反应条件或试剂浓度，可以显著改变硅酸盐材料的形态。获得了由无定形二氧化硅制成的三维宏观和纳米多孔连续膜和纳米多孔单个球形颗粒。薄膜和颗粒的结构由乳液模板定义。薄膜的平均厚度为 20 微米，基于体积的孔隙率约为 7 x 10(-2) cm(3) g(-1)，孔径与模板乳液中油滴的大小很好地相关。硅质薄膜是双连续的，导致具有大的表面积和可公开进入的孔。单个球体的直径从大约 1 到 6 微米不等，具有 300nm 直径的纳米多孔开口。所有材料的孔隙率和完整性在煅烧后都得以保持。
