McAuley J Devin, Miller Jonathan P, Wang Mo, Pang Kevin C H
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Exp Aging Res. 2010 Jul;36(3):306-24. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2010.484744.
This article examines age differences in individual's ability to produce the durations of learned auditory and visual target events either in isolation (focused attention) or concurrently (divided attention). Young adults produced learned target durations equally well in focused and divided attention conditions. Older adults, in contrast, showed an age-related increase in timing variability in divided attention conditions that tended to be more pronounced for visual targets than for auditory targets. Age-related impairments were associated with a decrease in working memory span; moreover, the relationship between working memory and timing performance was largest for visual targets in divided attention conditions.
本文研究了个体在单独（集中注意力）或同时（分散注意力）产生习得的听觉和视觉目标事件持续时间的能力上的年龄差异。年轻人在集中注意力和分散注意力条件下产生习得的目标持续时间的表现同样出色。相比之下，老年人在分散注意力条件下的时间变异性随年龄增长而增加，且这种情况在视觉目标上往往比听觉目标更明显。与年龄相关的能力受损与工作记忆广度的下降有关；此外，在分散注意力条件下，工作记忆与时间表现之间的关系在视觉目标上最为显著。
