Jeanmonod R, Harding T, Staub C
Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale, Genève, Switzerland.
Br J Addict. 1991 Apr;86(4):457-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb03423.x.
Forty-nine opiate-dependent persons entering remand prison were treated with methadone over 5-10 days in decreasing doses according to standard practice of the prison medical service. The prisoners were mainly young, unmarried men with an average of 5 years regular opiate use and an average of four previous imprisonments; 45% were known to be HIV infected, although routine testing was not carried out. Ten were on methadone maintenance prior to imprisonment. Urine analysis on entry detected an average of three psychoactive substances, principally opiates, benzodiazepines and cannabis. Prescribed starting doses of methadone were not correlated to independently assessed withdrawal severity. Starting doses were related to prisoners' requests and to their age. Withdrawal severity decreased after 4 days treatment but symptom relief was incomplete. Treating withdrawal symptoms on entry to prison poses unsolved ethical and practical problems.
四十九名进入还押监狱的阿片类药物依赖者按照监狱医疗服务的标准做法，在5至10天内接受了美沙酮递减剂量治疗。这些囚犯主要是年轻未婚男性，平均有5年规律使用阿片类药物的历史，平均曾入狱四次；尽管未进行常规检测，但已知45%的人感染了艾滋病毒。其中10人在入狱前接受美沙酮维持治疗。入狱时的尿液分析平均检测到三种精神活性物质，主要是阿片类药物、苯二氮䓬类药物和大麻。美沙酮的规定起始剂量与独立评估的戒断严重程度无关。起始剂量与囚犯的要求及其年龄有关。治疗4天后戒断严重程度有所下降，但症状缓解并不完全。在入狱时治疗戒断症状带来了尚未解决的伦理和实际问题。
