Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille and URMITE UMR CNRS-IRD 6236, IFR48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.
Intervirology. 2010;53(5):344-53. doi: 10.1159/000312919. Epub 2010 Jun 15.
Metagenomic studies have revealed that Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus relatives are common in the environment; however, only three Acanthamoeba-growing giant viruses have been isolated from hundreds of environmental samples. We attempted herein to isolate new Acanthamoeba-growing giant viruses from environmental samples.
We inoculated 105 environmental samples by our usual procedure but with the addition of selected antibiotics to inhibit bacterial overgrowth.
We isolated 19 giant viruses with capsid sizes of 150 to 600 nm, including one associated with a virophage. For the first time some were isolated from saltwater and soil samples. Tentative characterization using the PolB gene sequence was possible for some of these viruses. They were closely related to each other but different from the two previous isolates of Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus. Results obtained by MALDI-TOF MS analysis of viral particles were congruent with that of PolB sequencing.
Our data confirm that Acanthamoeba-growing giant viruses are common in the environment. Additionally, MALDI-TOF MS analysis can be used for the initial screening of new viruses to avoid redundant analysis. However, due to their genetic variability, it is likely that the genome sequences of most of these viruses will have to be determined for accurate classification.
宏基因组研究表明，噬棘阿米巴曼氏肺孢子虫巨病毒的亲缘病毒在环境中很常见；然而，从数百个环境样本中仅分离到三种噬棘阿米巴巨病毒。本研究试图从环境样本中分离新的噬棘阿米巴巨病毒。
我们按照常规程序接种了 105 个环境样本，但添加了选定的抗生素以抑制细菌过度生长。
我们分离到 19 种大小为 150 至 600nm 的巨病毒，其中一种与噬病毒有关。这些病毒首次从海水和土壤样本中分离出来。通过 PolB 基因序列的初步特征描述，可对其中一些病毒进行鉴定。这些病毒彼此密切相关，但与之前分离的两种噬棘阿米巴曼氏肺孢子虫巨病毒不同。通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析病毒颗粒得到的结果与 PolB 测序结果一致。
我们的数据证实，噬棘阿米巴巨病毒在环境中很常见。此外，MALDI-TOF MS 分析可用于新病毒的初步筛选，以避免冗余分析。然而，由于其遗传变异性，这些病毒的大多数基因组序列可能需要确定，以进行准确的分类。
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