University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Oct;48(10):2549-76. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.019. Epub 2010 Jun 15.
This review of human studies of caffeine and reproductive health published between January 2000 and December 2009 serves to update the comprehensive review published by Leviton and Cowan (2002). The adverse reproductive outcomes addressed in this review include: (1) measures of subfecundity; (2) spontaneous abortion; (3) fetal death; (4) preterm birth; (5) congenital malformations; and (6) fetal growth restriction. Methodologic challenges and considerations relevant to investigations of each reproductive endpoint are summarized, followed by a brief critical review of each study. The evidence for an effect of caffeine on reproductive health and fetal development is limited by the inability to rule out plausible alternative explanations for the observed associations, namely confounding by pregnancy symptoms and smoking, and by exposure measurement error. Because of these limitations, the weight of evidence does not support a positive relationship between caffeine consumption and adverse reproductive or perinatal outcomes.
本综述回顾了 2000 年 1 月至 2009 年 12 月期间发表的关于咖啡因与生殖健康的人类研究，旨在更新 Leviton 和 Cowan（2002 年）发表的全面综述。本综述中涉及的不良生殖结局包括：（1）亚生育力指标；（2）自然流产；（3）胎儿死亡；（4）早产；（5）先天性畸形；（6）胎儿生长受限。总结了与每个生殖终点研究相关的方法学挑战和考虑因素，然后对每项研究进行简要的批判性回顾。由于无法排除观察到的关联的其他合理解释，即妊娠症状和吸烟的混杂以及暴露测量误差，咖啡因对生殖健康和胎儿发育的影响的证据有限。由于这些限制，证据的权重不支持咖啡因摄入与不良生殖或围产期结局之间存在正相关关系。
