Las Vegas, Nevada.
Semin Plast Surg. 2007 May;21(2):109-14. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-979211.
In 1974, the author began to use ketamine in association with diazepam for cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Since then, through courses in the United States and abroad, well over a thousand plastic surgeons have been taught the technique. Ketamine, by itself, ablates sensory input of pain at the thalamic level but has been associated with hallucinations, bad dreams, and other untoward effects. These can be prevented by the use of benzodiazepines, which "bracket" the use of ketamine. If the patient is sedated and awakens under the influence of these agents, there is no adverse ketamine effect. Specific techniques and adjunct agents are described.
1974 年，作者开始将氯胺酮与地西泮联合用于美容和重建手术。从那时起，通过在美国和国外的课程，已有一千多名整形外科医生接受了这项技术的培训。氯胺酮本身可以消除丘脑水平的疼痛感觉输入，但与幻觉、噩梦和其他不良影响有关。这些可以通过使用苯二氮䓬类药物来预防，苯二氮䓬类药物“限制”氯胺酮的使用。如果患者在这些药物的镇静作用下接受麻醉并苏醒，就不会有氯胺酮的不良反应。本文还描述了具体的技术和辅助药物。
