Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Romania.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Jul;142(1):36-46. doi: 10.1007/s12011-010-8751-9. Epub 2010 Jun 22.
Research was performed on a group of 30 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), who never received antidiabetic medication before, and on a group of 17 healthy adults. The patients were administered treatment with metformin, 1,000 mg/day. Plasmatic and urinary concentration of magnesium have been measured, copper and zinc along with the concentrations of glucose, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, tryglicerides, HbA1c, and total erythrocyte magnesium, in advance and after 3 months of treatment. Data showed significant differences in the NIDDM group vs the control group: for plasma magnesium-1.95 ± 0.19 vs 2.20 ± 0.18 mg/dl, p < 0.001; urine magnesium-237.28 ± 34.51 vs 126.25 ± 38.22 mg/24 h, p < 0.001; erythrocyte magnesium-5.09 ± 0.63 vs 6.38 ± 0.75 mg/dl, p < 0.001; plasma zinc-67.56 ± 6.21 vs 98.41 ± 20.47 μg/dl, p < 0.001; urine zinc-1,347.54 ± 158.24 vs 851.65 ± 209.75 μg/24 h, p < 0.001; plasma copper-111.91 ± 20.98 vs 96.33 ± 8.56 μg/dl, p < 0.001; and urine copper-51.70 ± 23.79 vs 36.00 ± 11.70 μg/24 h, p < 0.05. Treatment with metformin for 3 months modified significant erythrocyte magnesium-5.75 ± 0.61 vs 5.09 ± 0.63 mg/dl, p < 0.001 and urine magnesium-198.27 ± 27.07 vs 237.28 ± 34.51 mg/24 h, p < 0.001, whereas it did not modify significant the plasmatic and urinary concentration of the other cations. The erythrocyte magnesium concentration was inversely correlated with HbA1c (r = -0.438, p = 0.015). The plasma level of copper was positively correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.517, p < 0.003), tryglicerides (r = 0.534, p < 0.003), and cholesterol (r = 0.440, p < 0.05), and the plasma level of zinc was inversely correlated with glycemia (r = -0.399, p = 0.029). Our data show a significant action of metformin therapy, by increasing the total intraerythrocyte magnesium concentration and decreasing the urinary magnesium elimination, positively correlated with the decrease of glycemia and HbA1c in NIDDM patients.
研究了一组 30 名从未接受过抗糖尿病药物治疗的非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）患者和一组 17 名健康成年人。给这些患者服用二甲双胍，每天 1000 毫克。在治疗前和治疗 3 个月后，测量了血浆和尿镁浓度、铜和锌浓度以及血糖、HDL、LDL、胆固醇、甘油三酯、HbA1c 和总红细胞镁浓度。数据显示 NIDDM 组与对照组之间存在显著差异：血浆镁-1.95 ± 0.19 与 2.20 ± 0.18 mg/dl，p < 0.001；尿镁-237.28 ± 34.51 与 126.25 ± 38.22 mg/24 h，p < 0.001；红细胞镁-5.09 ± 0.63 与 6.38 ± 0.75 mg/dl，p < 0.001；血浆锌-67.56 ± 6.21 与 98.41 ± 20.47 μg/dl，p < 0.001；尿锌-1,347.54 ± 158.24 与 851.65 ± 209.75 μg/24 h，p < 0.001；血浆铜-111.91 ± 20.98 与 96.33 ± 8.56 μg/dl，p < 0.001；尿铜-51.70 ± 23.79 与 36.00 ± 11.70 μg/24 h，p < 0.05。用二甲双胍治疗 3 个月可显著改变红细胞镁浓度-5.75 ± 0.61 与 5.09 ± 0.63 mg/dl，p < 0.001 和尿镁-198.27 ± 27.07 与 237.28 ± 34.51 mg/24 h，p < 0.001，而对其他阳离子的血浆和尿浓度无显著影响。红细胞镁浓度与 HbA1c 呈负相关（r = -0.438，p = 0.015）。血浆铜水平与 HbA1c（r = 0.517，p < 0.003）、甘油三酯（r = 0.534，p < 0.003）和胆固醇（r = 0.440，p < 0.05）呈正相关，血浆锌水平与血糖（r = -0.399，p = 0.029）呈负相关。我们的数据显示，二甲双胍治疗具有显著作用，可增加红细胞内总镁浓度，减少尿镁排泄，与 NIDDM 患者血糖和 HbA1c 的降低呈正相关。
