Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, California, USA.
Am J Primatol. 2010 Aug;72(8):715-24. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20828.
Little is known about genetic variation in the 6-8 subspecies of Colobus angolensis, currently distinguished by pelage differences. We present a comparative genetic analysis of one of these subspecies, C. a. palliatus, in Kenya and Tanzania that assesses evolutionary relationships and patterns of mitochondrial genetic diversity in 103 individuals across its geographic range. Fecal samples from approximately 156 individuals were collected in four localities: (1) Diani Forest, Kenya; (2) Shimoni, Kenya; (3) Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania; and (4) Mount Rungwe, Southern Highlands, Tanzania. These samples represent at least six groups, with 5-15 samples from each. Comparative sequence analysis of a 1,795 base pair mtDNA fragment revealed 19 unique haplotypes in four populations. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that sampled Kenyan haplotypes are paraphyletic, with one Kenyan haplotype basal to all other sampled haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) suggests high levels of genetic variation among populations (Phi(ST) 0.72, P<0.001). Genetic data are concordant with a subspecies level differentiation between C. a. palliatus populations in Kenya and those in Central and southern Tanzania, as earlier suggested based on pelage differences. This study highlights the evolutionary distinctiveness of Kenyan populations of C. a. palliatus relative to Tanzanian populations. Although C. a. palliatus habitat in Tanzania is currently better protected than in Kenya, our results suggest Kenyan and Tanzanian populations should be considered distinct units, and the protection of C. a. palliatus habitat in Kenya, as well as habitat connectivity between Kenyan populations, should be prioritized for conservation and management.
关于 Colobus angolensis 的 6-8 个亚种的遗传变异知之甚少，目前这些亚种是通过皮毛差异来区分的。我们对肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的其中一个亚种 C. a. palliatus 进行了比较遗传分析，评估了其地理分布范围内 103 个个体的进化关系和线粒体遗传多样性模式。在四个地点收集了大约 156 个个体的粪便样本：(1)肯尼亚的 Diani 森林；(2)肯尼亚的 Shimoni；(3)坦桑尼亚的乌宗瓦山脉国家公园，东非大裂谷山脉；和(4)坦桑尼亚的伦圭山，南部高地。这些样本代表了至少六个群体，每个群体有 5-15 个样本。对 1795 个碱基对的 mtDNA 片段进行比较序列分析，在四个种群中发现了 19 个独特的单倍型。系统发育分析表明，采样的肯尼亚单倍型是并系的，其中一个肯尼亚单倍型是所有其他采样单倍型的基础。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明，种群之间存在高水平的遗传变异(Phi(ST)0.72，P<0.001)。遗传数据与肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚中部和南部的 C. a. palliatus 种群之间亚种水平分化一致，这与基于皮毛差异的早期建议一致。这项研究强调了肯尼亚 C. a. palliatus 种群相对于坦桑尼亚种群的进化独特性。尽管坦桑尼亚的 C. a. palliatus 栖息地目前比肯尼亚得到更好的保护，但我们的结果表明，肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的种群应被视为不同的单位，应优先保护肯尼亚的 C. a. palliatus 栖息地以及肯尼亚种群之间的栖息地连通性，以进行保护和管理。
